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EBONY (Diospyros mespiliformis)
Nombre comercial
Ebony
Nombre científico (con autor)
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst.
Familia
EBENACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Sanzamulike; Sanzamouki; Liberia ebony; Kusibiri (Ghana); Flintbark; Esunseka; Esonoakyi; Esono-akyenie; Esono-afe; Enkyinwine; Dubima; Ankyeyi; Nyareti (Nigeria); Kanran (Nigeria); Abokpo (Nigeria); Ebene (Benin); Ebène (France); African ebony (United Kingdom); Afrikanisches ebenholz (Germany); Ebène (Belgium); Evila (Gabon); Ebano (Equatorial Guinea); Ngoubou (Central African Republic); bingo (Central African Republic); Mevini (Cameroon); Yeti; White ebony; West African ebony; Swamp ebony; Sunsun; Sunsu; Onye-koji; Okusibiri; Obiudu; Nangalo; Monkey guava; Legabol; Kukuo; Keyi keyi; Keke; Karan; Kanya; Kaiwa; Jukhan; Jeti; Igi dudu; Gughan; Ginga; Gawelle; Ga; Ferdamu; Doue; Donko; Dabakala sunsu; Burgum; Bugao; Bergem; Alom; Ebène
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Diospyros senegalensis Perr. ex A.DC.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The unbuttressed, slender bole may reach a height of 16 to 20 m. It is cylindrical and straight or slightly crooked, without swollen base. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.
Hábitat natural
Diospyros mespiliformis forms almost pure groups near riverbanks.
Distribución natural
Commercial supplies are mostly from Equatorial West Africa.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pit Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Occasionally axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays non-storied. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
CITES III
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The sapwood is white, pink or grey darkening to dark brown but never black. The heartwood is the heartwood core attains 15 to 22.5 cm, it is clearly demarcated.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
1
Grano
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Veta
This wood has a somewhat fine texture.
Durabilidad Natural
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
1
Internal growth stresses
For this species no growth stresses are reported.
Dificultad para impregnar
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.74
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.84
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
10.7
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.7
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of casehardening and checks Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Calendario de Secado
FR-13
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.9
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1139
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
157732
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
595
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
78
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
117
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
887
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
951
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Corte de chapa rotativa
Suitable for slicing.
Chapa tranchada
Suitable for slicing.
Pérdida de filo_romado
Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.
Maquinado general
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Cepillado
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Moldurado
Easy; no particular problems.
Torneado
30
Taladrado
Easy; no particular problems.
Escopleado, caja y espiga
Easy; no particular problems.
Clavado
Pre-boring is necessary.
Encolado
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Lijado
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Sacar lustre
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Doblar al vapor
Steam bending is difficult.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
Working with hand tools is difficult.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles finos
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
chapa decorativa
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
artículos torneados
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Artículos torneados
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
mangos de cuchillos
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Hormas zapato
- 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
OTROS E INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALES
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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