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TIAMA (Entandrophragma excelsum)
Nombre comercial
Tiama
Nombre científico (con autor)
Entandrophragma excelsum Sprague
Familia
MELIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Gedur-nohor (Nigeria); Edinam (Ghana); Tiama (Côte d`Ivoire); Umuyoke (Burkina Faso); Gedur-nohor (United Kingdom); Tiama-mahagoni (Germany); Acuminata (Germany); M'vovo (Zaire); Lifaki (Zaire); Abeubegne (Gabon); Dongomanguila (Equatorial Guinea); Kiluka (Congo); Mukusu (Uganda); Livuite (Angola); Acuminata (Angola); Tiama
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Entandrophragma speciosum Harms in Mildbr.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The tree may reach a height of 45 m, with a trunk diameter up to 130 cm. The bole is up to 26 m in length. The buttresses are generally strongly developed and extending up to 5 m.
Hábitat natural
Entandrophragma excelsum is chiefly found in montane forests.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation pl Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent unilateral paratracheal. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The sapwood is whitish or pinkish, it has a thickness of 10 cm. The heartwood is red-brown, darkening slightly on exposure, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Veta
The wood is reported to be frequently medium textured.
Brillo
It is reported to be low in luster.
Durabilidad Natural
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is resistant
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
6
Internal growth stresses
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Dificultad para impregnar
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.46
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.50
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
9.5
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.3
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: The timber seasons moderately slowly with slight degrade. Boards of 15 mm thick take about 3.5 months to air dry. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed for Keledang.
Calendario de Secado
FR-9
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
2.2
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
701
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
104159
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
428
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
50
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
41
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
301
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
403
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
It is easy to saw.
Corte de chapa rotativa
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Chapa tranchada
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Pérdida de filo_romado
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Maquinado general
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Cepillado
Easy; no particular problems.
Moldurado
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Torneado
30
Taladrado
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Escopleado, caja y espiga
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Clavado
No particular problem.
Encolado
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Lijado
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Sacar lustre
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Doblar al vapor
This species can be used for steam bending.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
No particular problems.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Viguetas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Marcos
- 16 - Woods of the World
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles finos
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Caras
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
chapa decorativa
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
artículos torneados
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Artículos torneados
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Botes_cubierta
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Puertos_estantería
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
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