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CHEMPAKA (Michelia champaca)
Nombre comercial
Chempaka
Nombre científico (con autor)
Michelia champaca L.
Familia
MAGNOLIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Orange chempaka; Su (Vietnam); Champaka (Philippines); Sagah (Myanmar); Safan (Myanmar); Cempaka (Indonesia); Champa khao (Thailand); Cempaka kuning (Indonesia); Capaka (Indonesia); Champaka (Sabah); Chempaka (Malaysia); Chempaka merah (Malaysia); Champaca (Philippines); Mawk-sam-lung (Myanmar); Champa (Thailand); Champa pa (Thailand); Cham pa (Laos)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Talauma villosa fo. celebica Miq.; Sampacca velutina Kuntze; Sampacca suaveolens (Pers.) Kuntze; Michelia champaca var. pubinervia (Blume) Miq.; Michelia blumei Steud.; Magnolia membranacea P. Parm.; Magnolia champaca Baillon ex Pierre
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is a large evergreen tree, up to 30 m tall. The bole is straight, clean and cylindrical for 18 to 21 m, without buttresses.
Hábitat natural
This species is found scattered in primary lowland to montane rain forest, up to 2,100 m of altitude.
Existencia de plantaciones?
This species is now commonly cultivated throughout the tropics.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Occasionally vessels per mm2 more than 20. Intervessel pits scalariform. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Multiple perforation plate Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Oil and/or mucilage cells associated with the axial and/or ray parenchyma (idioblasts). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers very thin walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
It has no taste or odor.
Color
The heartwood is olive-brown turning to dark brown with a greenish tinge upon exposure, clearly differentiated from the pale brown sapwood.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
The grain is straight or slightly interlocked.
Veta
The texture varies from fine to moderately fine.
Brillo
This wood is frequently low in luster.
Durabilidad Natural
It is rated as a non durable to moderately durable wood. The heartwood is resistant against termites and the sapwood is resistant to Lyctus attack.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
6
Dificultad para impregnar
The heartwood cannot be treated with preservatives.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.49
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.54
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.2
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
3.2
Defectos por secado
Drying Defects: Insect attack and cupping and bowing are the main sources of degrade.
Calendario de Secado
JP-18
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.6
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
688
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
91812
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
420
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
85
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
356
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly easy.
Corte de chapa rotativa
The timber peels and slices well.
Chapa tranchada
The timber peels and slices well.
Maquinado general
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Torneado
30
Clavado
It is easy to nail.
Encolado
It has a good behavior in gluing.
Acabado
It takes a good finish.
Especies sustitutas
It could possible substitute American white-wood (Liriodendron tulipifera)
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, PACKING, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, cementboard
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Cementboard
- 81 - Madeiras da Amazônia: descrição do lenho de 40 espécies ocorrentes na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós
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