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CHICHA (Sterculia apetala)
Nombre comercial
Chicha
Nombre científico (con autor)
Sterculia apetala (Jacq.) H. Karst.
Familia
STERCULIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Tacacazeiro (Brazil); Cutiúba (Brazil); Champanha (Brazil); Achichá (Brazil); Chicha (Brazil); Camajuru (Brazil); Sunsun; Panamá; Chiapas; Bellota; Anacaguita; Chichá (Brazil)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Sterculia elata Ducke; Sterculia apetala var. elata (Ducke) E.L. Taylor; Sterculia apetala var. apetala; Helicteres apetala Jacq.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is reported to reach heights of 24 to 40 m, with trunk diameters of 50 to 70 cm or even 200 cm. The boles are straight and cylindrical, up to 15 to 25 m long. It presents well developed, steep buttresses.
Hábitat natural
Sterculia apetala is commonly found in the forests of tropical America, on occasionally inundable areas.
Distribución natural
It is reported to be distributed from Mexico southward to Bolivia.
Existencia de plantaciones?
It is planted in the tropics for shadow and also for seeds.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short tangential multiples. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray p Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per paren Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Larger rays width 0. 1 mm or more and 2 mm or more in height. Rays non-storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procum Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Odor or taste are absent.
Color
The sapwood is differentiated, it is pale yellow, the heartwood is reddish yellow when dry.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
The grain is mostly straight
Veta
The wood is reported to have a coarse texture.
Brillo
The wood is described as moderate in luster.
Durabilidad Natural
It has a low natural durability, quickly processing is recommended.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
Timber of this group is reported to offer no difficulties to preservative treatments.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.38
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.40
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.2
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.0
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: It dries at a rapid rate. Drying Defects: Severe checking and moderate warping are reported. Kiln Schedules: Reduced drying rates are recommended to minimize degrade.
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.3
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
470
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
64500
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
289
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
26
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
49
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
220
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
265
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
This species is easy to saw.
Corte de chapa rotativa
It could be useful for rotary peeling.
Chapa tranchada
It could be useful for rotary peeling.
Maquinado general
This species is easy to machine.
Cepillado
Planing of this species is reported to be easy.
Taladrado
Boring is reported to be easy.
Acabado
Wood of this species is easy to finish.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shoes, coffin, particleboard
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Persianas
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase liviano
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Zapatos
- 70 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux de l`union francaise
Ataúd
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Tablero de partículas
- 80 - Estudio Integral de la Madera para Construcción
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