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VIROLA (Virola surinamensis)
Nombre comercial
Virola
Nombre científico (con autor)
Virola surinamensis (Rol. ex Rottb.) Warb.
Familia
MYRISTICACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Yayamadou de marecage; Yamamadou; Yamadou; Wild nutmeg; Waroesi; Ucuuba branca; Ucuhuba; Quinquamadou; Nutlet; Muscadier c grive; Moussigot; Moulomba; Moonba; Mandalli; Light virola; Kilikowa; Guinguamadou; Dallie; Dalli; Cuajo; Couaie; Chalviande; Cedrillo; Camaticaro; Camala; Cajuca; Bicuhyba; Becuiba; Banak; Babun; Baboonhout; Baboon; Baboenoedoe; Baboenhout; Baboen; Andiroba; Anakin; Bicuiba (Brazil); Virola-Das-Ilhas (Brazil); Virola (Brazil); Ucuuba-Da-Várzea (Brazil); Ucuuba-Branca (Brazil); Ucuuba (Brazil); Bandarra (Brazil)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Myristica surinamensis Rol.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
V. surinamensis is a medium size tree 25 m tall in the average, with diameters from to 60 to 70 cm, up to 100 cm. The boles are straight and cylindrical, up to 20 m long. It presents buttresses 1.5 m tall, sometimes pneumatophore roots are also reported.
Hábitat natural
Virola surinamensis is found in primary forests on swamps and inundated areas where it is reported to be a dominant species. It is cited as vulnerable in Brazil by the IBAMA. Vulnerable(IBAMA,2001)
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Occasionally multiple perfo Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays commonly 2 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Odor and taste are reported to be indistinct.
Color
The heartwood is light beige or slightly pinkish to dark brown and sapwood lighter than heartwood.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
Straight grain is reported in this species.
Veta
This wood has a somewhat medium texture.
Durabilidad Natural
It has very little or no natural resistance to decay or insect attack.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
This species is reported to be easy to preserve.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.42
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.45
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
12.4
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.3
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Air drying is rated as moderate. Drying Defects: Slight risk of warping and checking.
Calendario de Secado
UK-C; US-T3-C2
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
2.3
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
766
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
143000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
360
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
19
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
69
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
231
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
254
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
This species is easy to saw.
Corte de chapa rotativa
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Chapa tranchada
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Cepillado
Planing operations are rather easy.
Taladrado
Boring of this species is reported to be easy.
Lijado
Sanding of this species is reportedly easy.
Acabado
This species is reported to be easy to finish.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
This species is reported to be easy to work with hand tools.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, common veneer, BENDING, tennis rackets, SPORTS, table tennis, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, pencil, matches, door core
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles comunes
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Caras
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Chapa rotativa
- 29 - Embassy of Ecuador in Japan
Curvado
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Raquetas tenis
- 37 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
IMPLEMENTOS DEPORTIVOS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Pin-pong
- 41 - Embassy of the Philippines
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase liviano
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Lápiz
- 67 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VIII, Calophyllum brasilense, Couratari panamensis, Dendropanax arboreum y Bombacopsis sessilis
Cerillas
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Alma de puerta
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
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