DURIAN (Durio zibethinus)
Nombre comercial
Durian
Nombre científico (con autor)
Durio zibethinus Murray
Familia
BOMBACACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Durian kampong (Malaysia); Laung (Indonesia); Luria (Indonesia); Bungal (Malaysia); Durian (Germany); Durian (Netherlands); Durian tupai (Malaysia); Durian daun (Malaysia); Gengang (Malaysia); Duyin (Myanmar); Durian (Indonesia); Durian (United States of America); Djeung-djing (Malaysia); Durian (United Kingdom); Durian (Philippines); Durian (Spain); Durian (Italy); Durian (France); True durian (Malaysia)
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 40 m tall, with straight cylindrical bole up to 100 cm in diameter. Prominent, steep buttresses are reported.
Distribución natural
It is cultivated throughout South-East Asia. It is probably native in Sumatra and Borneo.
Existencia de plantaciones?
This species is planted for its fruits.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Axial parenchyma reticulate. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Over 9 cells per parenchyma st 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Ray height more than 1 mm. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Tile cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano tangencial
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Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
It has typical musk odor.
Color
The sapwood varies from light gray or whitish to light pink. The heartwood is from pink-brown to gray-brown.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
It is mostly straight, occasionally lightly interlocked.
Veta
Texture is usually medium to coarse.
Brillo
Its heartwood has reddish luster.
Durabilidad Natural
It is perishable and prone to blue stain, infestation by ship-timber beetle is also reported.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
The heartwood and sapwood are moderately easy to preserve.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.56
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.62
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
6.9
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.2
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: The timber air dries slowly. Using a reasonable drying schedule, it takes more than 3 weeks to dry from green to air dry. Drying Defects: The end checking during drying is common. Rapidly drying of boards at 100 degrees shows much checking and deformation.
Calendario de Secado
UK-D
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.6
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
706
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
115122
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
456
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
48
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
274
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
364
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly easy.
Corte de chapa rotativa
It can be peeled to make veneer at a peeling angle of 90 degrees without pretreatment.
Chapa tranchada
It can be peeled to make veneer at a peeling angle of 90 degrees without pretreatment.
Maquinado general
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Cepillado
This species is easy to plane.
Moldurado
This species is easy to mold.
Taladrado
Boring operations are rated as fair.
Escopleado, caja y espiga
The response of this species to mortising operations is fair.
Clavado
Nailing properties are good.
Encolado
Gluing behavior is reportedly good.
Lijado
Wood of this species is easy to sand.
Acabado
This species is reported to be easy to finish.
Sacar lustre
Polishing of this species is reportedly easy.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Almas
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
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