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ILOMBA (Pycnanthus angolensis)

Nombre comercial

Ilomba

Nombre científico (con autor)

Pycnanthus angolensis Warb.

Familia

MYRISTICACEAE

Nombres Comunes

Kpoyei (Sierra Leone); Ilomba (Zaire); White cedar; Whismore; Walfle; Walehe; Tshimbbuku; Tshilombe; Tika; Tidea; Tian; Teng; Ten; Teke; Pitchong; Oti; Ote; Ongano; Omachan; Nigerian boxwood; Ngosame; Ngitsa; Netere; N`laomba; N`kombo; Muno; Munaba; Mukagato; Moulomba; Lunaba; Llombo; Lamba; Kuurul; Kpoyei; Komo; Etsu; Etsiw; Etsi; Etienh; Etan; Etama; Escamba; Entro; Edna; Diehn; Denke; Dean; Cardboard; Boxboard; Bosambe; Bokongo; Bassa; Bakondo; Atenli; Antenli; Anakue; African nutmeg; Adre; Pycnanthus (United Kingdom); Lifondo (Zaire); Lolako (Zaire); Ilomba (Angola); Ilomba (Congo); Eteng (Gabon); Eteng (Cameroon); Calabo (Equatorial Guinea); Akomu (Nigeria); Otie (Ghana); Walele (Côte d`Ivoire); Oualele (Côte d`Ivoire); Gboyei (Liberia); Gboyei (Sierra Leone)

Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)

Pycnanthus microcephalus (Benth. & Hook. f.) Warb.; Pycnanthus microcephalus (Benth. & Hook.) Warb.; Pycnanthus mechowi Warb.; Pycnanthus kombo (Baill.) Warb.; Pycnanthus kombo var. angolensis De Wildeman P. P.; Myristica microcephala Benth. & Hook. f.; Myristica kombo Baill.; Myristica angolensis Welw.

DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL

Descripción botánica

The tree reaches a height of 43 m. The bole is cylindrical, straight and clear to 20 m in length, sometimes with a swollen base or root swellings. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.

Hábitat natural

Pycnanthus angolensis is reported in rain forests, transitional, and secondary formations.

Distribución natural

West Africa.

Existencia de plantaciones?

It is a long rotation species for plantation. The duration of the rotation is 30 years to reach 50 cm diameter, or 45 years to reach 60 cm in diameter.

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IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA

Descripción anatómica de la madera

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses thin walled. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Scalariform perfora Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano tangencial
  • Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera

Disponibilidad

Status de protección por CITES

Unrestricted

DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA

Color

The heartwood is greyish white to pale pinkish beige, it is not demarcated. The silver figure is medium.

Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)

5

Grano

Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.

Veta

Texture is usually medium to coarse.

Brillo

Timber of this species is moderate in luster.

Durabilidad Natural

Not durable; important risks of decay attacks at any processing step, from logs up to final products. It must receive preservative treatment. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attacks.

Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)

5

Internal growth stresses

Residual growth stresses are absent.

Contenido de sílice

Silica Content: Negligible contents of silica are found in timber of this species. Amounts over 0.05% may affect the wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01

Dificultad para impregnar

Easy to treat with a full penetration of the preservative products using vacuum-pressure method.

PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA

Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)

0.45

Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)

0.49

Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)

8.6

Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)

4.6

Defectos por secado

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions.

Calendario de Secado

FR-9

Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)

1.9

PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA

PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA

Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)

646

Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)

103275

Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)

389

Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)

44

Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)

64

Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)

289

Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)

389

TRABAJABILIDAD

Aserrado

It is easy to saw.

Corte de chapa rotativa

Suitable for peeling without treatment.

Chapa tranchada

Suitable for peeling without treatment.

Pérdida de filo_romado

Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.

Maquinado general

Machining of this species is reportedly easy.

Cepillado

Easy; no particular problems.

Moldurado

Easy; no particular problems.

Taladrado

Easy; no particular problems.

Escopleado, caja y espiga

Easy; no particular problems.

Clavado

No particular problem.

Encolado

Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.

Lijado

Difficult to obtain very good results because of interlocked grain.

Sacar lustre

Needs pre-coating.

Facilidad para herramientas manuales

No particular problems.

Usos Reportados

USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)

EXTERIOR GENERAL, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, cores, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, pencil, door core, coffin, moldings

EXTERIOR GENERAL
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Postes cerca
  • 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
VIVIENDA GENERAL
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Marcos
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Peldaños
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneles
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accesorios de madera
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles comunes
  • 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Caras
  • 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Almas
  • 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase pesado
  • 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Pallets
  • 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Lápiz
  • 67 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VIII, Calophyllum brasilense, Couratari panamensis, Dendropanax arboreum y Bombacopsis sessilis
Alma de puerta
  • 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Ataúd
  • 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molduras
  • 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão

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