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JARANA AMARELA (Lecythis poiteaui)
Nombre comercial
Jarana Amarela
Nombre científico (con autor)
Lecythis poiteaui O. Berg
Familia
Lecythidaceae
Nombres Comunes
jarana, jarana amarela, matamatá róseo (Brazil); mahot, mahot jaune, meli (paramaka language) (French Guiana); gele bast tétéhoedoe (Surinam).
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Chytroma foetida R. Knuth; Eschweilera poiteaui (O. Berg) Nied.; Jugastrum poiteaui (O. Berg) Miers; Lecythis racemiflora Sagot.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
Trees, to 35 m tall. Bark with shallow vertical fissures, the outer bark 5 mm thick, the inner bark much thicker, bright yellow. Stems slender, 1.5–2.5 mm diameter, below uppermost leaf, glabrous, green when fresh, often black when dry, inconspicuously angled. Leaves deciduous, flushed just before flowers appear; petioles 5–13 mm long, glabrous, canaliculate; blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic or infrequently oblong, 13-26 x 5-10 cm, chartaceous at anthesis, becoming more coriaceous with maturity, glabrous, the abaxial surface glaucous, usually with rugose papillae, the base obtuse, narrowly decurrent onto petiole, the margins crenulate, with scars left by caducous trichomes, the apex acuminate; venation brochidodromous to weakly eucamptodromous (at least when leaves young), the midrib prominent adaxially, salient abaxially, the secondary veins in 19-26 pairs, often prominulous adaxially and prominent to prominulous abaxially, the tertiary veins inconspicuous, reticulate. Inflorescences terminal or in axils of uppermost leaves, racemose, unbranched, the rachis 12–30 cm long, glabrous, with conspicuous horizontally elongated lenticels, with 2-7 widely spaced flowers. Flowers white, greenish white, or green. Fruits dehiscent, globose to depressed globose, 3.5-8 (excluding operculum) x 5.5-10.5 cm, the calyx-lobes persistent, woody, sometimes reflexed. Brown Seeds 4–6 per fruit, 2.5-3 x 1.5–2.5 cm, the testa less than 1 mm thick, brown, the veins usually impressed; aril basal, barely covering base of seed.
Hábitat natural
Lecythis poiteaui is a canopy tree of non-flooded forest.
Meses de Floración y Fructificación
Lecythis poiteaui flowers from Oct to Mar and releases seed from Apr to Jun. It most commonly flowers from the end of the dry season into the rainy season.
Floración
- Jan.
- Feb.
- Mar.
- Apr.
- May.
- Jun.
- Jul.
- Aug.
- Sep.
- Oct.
- Nov.
- Dec.
Fructificación
- Jan.
- Feb.
- Mar.
- Apr.
- May.
- Jun.
- Jul.
- Aug.
- Sep.
- Oct.
- Nov.
- Dec.
Facilidad de regeneración
The fleshy aril is so eagerly sought by monkeys that mature fruits with seeds are difficult to find. This observation suggests that monkeys may play a role in seed dispersal. However, the possibility that bats may disperse the seeds needs to be investigated because these animals eagerly remove the seeds of species of the sapucaia group of Lecythis to eat the aril
Distribución natural
Distributed in Surinam, French Guiana, and the Brazilian Amazon from the vicinity of Manaus eastward to near the mouth of the Amazon.
Mapa de Distribución Natural (Punto rojo = Productor con bosque certificado)
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. Wood diffuse-porous with simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits alternate, medium, 7 - 10 µm. Vessel-ray pits with distinct borders; similar to intervessel pits in size and shape throughout the ray cell, Vessel-ray pits with much reduced borders to apparently simple: pits rounded or angular and vessel-ray pits with much reduced borders to apparently simple: pits horizontal (scalariform, gash-like) to vertical (palisade), vessel-ray pits of two distinct sizes or types in the same ray cell, vessel-ray pits restricted to marginal rows, less than 5 vessels per square millimetre, 5 - 20 vessels per square millimetre, tyloses common. Fibres with simple to minutely bordered pits. Non-septate fibres present. Fibres very thick-walled. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands or lines up to three cells wide, reticulate. Ray width 1 to 3 cells, ray height > 1 mm, all ray cells procumbent, 4-12/mm. Prismatic crystals present in chambered axial parenchyma cells. Heartwood colour darker than sapwood colour. Heartwood basically brown or shades of brown with streaks.
Bibliografía especializada (De este tema)
- 544 - InsideWood - a web resource for hardwood anatomy. IAWA Journal 32 (2): 199-211.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
3
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.86
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
1.08
Contracción Tangencial Normal (Saturado hasta CH12%) (%)
7.3
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
12.8
Contracción Radial Normal (Saturado hasta CH12%) (% )
3.9
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
6.8
Defectos por secado
Tendencia a alabeos acentuados, alta incidencia de rajaduras (de canto y de superficie). El secado drástico puede provocar la incidencia de rajaduras internas y colapso.
Calendario de Secado
Madera de secado moderado, tanto al aire como en secadores convencionales. Se sugiere un programa con Ti (temperatura inicial) = 40°C, Tf (temperatura final) = 65°C, y PS (potencial de secado) = 2,2. (500)
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.9
Bibliografía especializada (De este tema)
- 502 - Physycal and mechanical properties of the Amazon wood species.
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1360
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
150595
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
720
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
212
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
187
Resistencia al rajado o Clivaje CH12% (kgf/m)
278
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
1429
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
1403
Resistencia a extracción de clavos (lados) CH12% (kgf)
174
Resistencia a extracción de clavos (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
130
Bibliografía especializada (De este tema)
- 502 - Physycal and mechanical properties of the Amazon wood species.
TRABAJABILIDAD
Cepillado
Bueno
Taladrado
Bueno
Lijado
Bueno a excelente
Bibliografía especializada (De este tema)
- 502 - Physycal and mechanical properties of the Amazon wood species.
Usos Reportados
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