MANIL, OSSOL, MACHARE (Symphonia globulifera)
Nombre comercial
Manil, Ossol, Machare
Nombre científico (con autor)
Symphonia globulifera L. f.
Familia
CLUSIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Machare (Colombia); Azufre (Colombia); Brea Amarilla (Bolivia); Laurel De Monte (Bolivia); Azufre (Bolivia); Zaputi (Ecuador); Brea Caspi (Perú); Peramancillo (Venezuela); Maníi (Guyana); Yellowmangur (Trinidad & Tobago); Bacuri-Bravo (Brazil); Bacuri-Acu (Brazil); Axuá (Brazil); Anani-Da-Mata (Brazil); Anani (Brazil); Wayepu; Waika; Perman; Ossol (Gabon); Okilolo; Nom Ouie; Nianga Nianga (Congo); Mataki; Matakki (Surinam); Manni; Manil; Machare (Ecuador); Leche Amarilla; Chewstick (Honduras); Boar Wood (United Kingdom); Barillo (Honduras); Azufre (Perú); Anani; Ahoke; Palo Azufre (Perú); Boarwood (United Kingdom); Yellow Mangue (Trinidad & Tobago); Waika Chewstick; Matakkie; Peraman; Sambogum; Manniballi; Mani; Hog Gum; Doctor Gum; Cerillo; Bois Cochon; Buck Wax Tree; Boar Gum (United Kingdom); Anamy
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Symphonia gabonensis (Vesque) Pierre; Moronobea coccinea Aubl.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The size of the mature tree is reported to be small to medium, attaining heights of 35 m, and trunk diameters of about 40 cm, with a commercial length usually up to 14 m. It often develops stilt roots with numerous elbow buttresses. It presents abundant y
Hábitat natural
Symphonia globulifera is a gregarious species found in the primary and secondary forests of tropical America. It is reported to prefer swamps and marshy areas up to 1,000 m of altitude. In Brazil it is found in the swampy areas, or igapós, of the Atlantic. In Africa Symphonia globulifera is common in rain forest and swampy places, but also tends to occur in mixed, dry formations.
Distribución natural
This species is found in West Africa and America, where it is common in the tropical rainforests.
Usos No-maderables
The bark contains a yellowish resin used for medical purposes.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Occasionally vessels with colored deposits. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Axial parenchyma apparent with the naked eye. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Axial parenchyma oblique and/or sinuous. Occasionally pith fleck. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 ce 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Occasionally rays exclusively uniseriate. Occasionally prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano tangencial
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Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Freshly cut wood has an unpleasant smell which fades after drying.
Color
The sapwood is clearly differentiated. The heartwood is pale yellowish brown in color.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
Straight or interlocked grain are reported for this species.
Veta
The wood is coarse textured.
Brillo
The wood luster is described as medium.
Durabilidad Natural
The heartwood is durable to decay, but it is easily attacked by termites.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
3
Internal growth stresses
No growth stresses are reported in this species.
Contenido de sílice
Silica Content: A silica content of 0.2 % is reported for this species. Silica Value: 0.2
Dificultad para impregnar
It is highly resistant to preservative treatments.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.65
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.73
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
9.6
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.8
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: The rate of drying is reported to be slow to moderate. Drying Defects: Risk of checking is reported.
Calendario de Secado
UK-C; BR-B; US-T3-C2; FR-8
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
2.0
Programa de Secado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_British_ENG.pdf
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_Brazilian1.pdf
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_USA_ENG.pdf
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1379
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
133071
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
604
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
73
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
97
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
579
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
680
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Wood of this species is easy to cut.
Corte de chapa rotativa
It is interesting for slicing and peeling, thermal treatments are recommended.
Chapa tranchada
It is interesting for slicing and peeling, thermal treatments are recommended.
Pérdida de filo_romado
The wood exerts moderate blunting effect on cutters.
Maquinado general
The wood behaves well in most machining operations, but the surfaces tend to be rough.
Cepillado
The wood is reported to respond well to machine tools, but smooth surfaces are difficult to achieve in planing.
Moldurado
The wood moulds and shapes well, but shaped surfaces tend to be rough.
Torneado
30
Taladrado
Boring properties are reported to be generally good.
Escopleado, caja y espiga
Mortising properties are reported to be good.
Clavado
The wood holds nails well but tends to split during nailing. Pre-boring is recommended.
Encolado
The wood has good gluing properties.
Lijado
The material is reported to be rather easy to sand.
Recubrimientos
The material takes varnish and paints well.
Sacar lustre
Polishing characteristics are rated as good.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
The timber is reported to respond well to hand tools.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, steps, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, common veneer, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, door core
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Durmientes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Marcos
- 16 - Woods of the World
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles comunes
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Almas
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Chapa rotativa
- 29 - Embassy of Ecuador in Japan
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Mangos agrícolas
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
CONTENEDORES
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Duelas toneles
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Alma de puerta
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
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