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MUKULUNGU (Autranella congolensis)
Nombre comercial
Mukulungu
Nombre científico (con autor)
Autranella congolensis A.Chev.
Familia
SAPOTACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Elang (Cameroon); Kungulu (Angola); Yoli; Uku; Ovanga; Ntsha; Mumbelenge; Mukungulu; Mukulumbu; Mubelenge; Mtua; Mbanga; M`fua; Kungulu; Kondofino; Kolo; Elang; Bwanga; Bonyanga; Autracon; Adjazok; Mukulungu (Zaire); Kungulau (Angola); Mfua (Congo); Bouanga (Central African Republic); Elanzok (Cameroon); kabulungu (Zaire)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Mimusops le-testui Lecomte; Mimusops congolensis De Wild.; Mimusops boonei De Wild.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The tree reaches a height of 40 and more. The bole is straight, cylindrical and clear to long lengths. The trunk diameter attains from 130 cm up to 200 cm and is sometimes buttressed.
Hábitat natural
Autranella congolensis occurs in the dense equatorial forests of Africa.
Distribución natural
Widely distributed throughout the dense equatorial forests of Africa.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels in dendritic pattern. Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Tyloses thin walled. Tyloses common. Non-vestured Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchyma cells. Occasionally siliceous bodies in the axial parenchyma. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands more than 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The sapwood is greyish, it has a thickness of 2 to 3 cm. The heartwood is red brown, with darker markings, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine (barely visible).
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Veta
Texture is usually fine to medium.
Brillo
The wood is described as low in luster.
Durabilidad Natural
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
1
Internal growth stresses
Residual stresses are reported to be absent.
Dificultad para impregnar
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.82
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.94
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
8.4
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
7.4
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Calendario de Secado
FR-9
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.1
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1211
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
173910
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
757
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
108
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
91
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
1111
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
1137
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Corte de chapa rotativa
Suitable for slicing.
Chapa tranchada
Suitable for slicing.
Pérdida de filo_romado
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Maquinado general
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Cepillado
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moldurado
Easy; no particular problems.
Taladrado
Easy; no particular problems.
Escopleado, caja y espiga
Easy; no particular problems.
Clavado
Pre-boring is necessary.
Encolado
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Lijado
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Sacar lustre
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
Working with hand tools is difficult.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, rails, crossarms, crossties, piers, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Puentes
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Postes de transmisión
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Barandilla
- 6 - Physical and mechanical properties of Eucalyptus deglupta Blume grown in Costa Rica
Crucetas
- 7 - Maderas latinoamericanas. II, Quercus alata Q. costaricensis y Q. eugeniaefolia
Durmientes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
Pilotes
- 9 - Maderas latinoamericanas. IV, Nectandra sp. Ocotea austinii, Persea sp. aff. vesticula, Persea schiedeana
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Viguetas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Marcos
- 16 - Woods of the World
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
chapa decorativa
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Duelas toneles
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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