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SAPH/BINUNG (Tetrameles nudiflora)

Nombre comercial

Saph/Binung

Nombre científico (con autor)

Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br.

Familia

DATISCACEAE

Nombres Comunes

Vella pasa; Vella chini; Ugado; Ugad; Tulla; Tseikpoban; Sandugaza; Piyei; Payomko; Nigunu; Mugunu; Mainakat; Mai-yum-myen; Mai-taung; Mai-nao-nau; Kapsin; Kapang; Jermalu; Jermala; Hoongia; Hoogia; Chundal; Chini; Cheeni; Bondsa; Bondale; Bolur; Bolong; Bhelu; Bao-awny; Kapong (Thailand); Maina (India); Maina (Pakistan); Kundur (Indonesia); Tung (Vietnam); Binung (Indonesia); Sompong (Cambodia); Baing (Myanmar); Mengkundor (Malaysia); Kayu tabu (Sumatra); Kayu tabu (Indonesia); Tetrameles; Sawbya (Myanmar); Binong (Indonesia); Phoung (Laos); Bueng (Thailand); Ka phong (Thailand); Som phong (Thailand); Thitpok (Myanmar)

Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)

Tetrameles horfieldii Steud.; Tetrameles grahamiana Wight

DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL

Descripción botánica

It is a deciduous, dioecious, medium-sized to large tree up to 50 m tall, and 120 cm in diameter. The bole is columnar, branchless for 35 m, often fluted or with steep buttresses up to 5 m high.

Hábitat natural

Tetrameles nudiflora is found scattered in primary or secondary, deciduous forest, up to 500 m of altitude.

Distribución natural

It can be found in Indo-Malayan region.

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA

Descripción anatómica de la madera

Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. I Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally axial parenchyma aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Two cells per parenchyma strand. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Ray height more than 1 mm. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers very thin walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano tangencial
  • Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera

Disponibilidad

Status de protección por CITES

Unrestricted

DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA

Color

The sapwood is not distinct, pale yellow in color. The heartwood is pale brown to gray-brown.

Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)

5

Grano

The grain is broadly interlocked, occasionally straight.

Veta

The texture is typically medium to coarse.

Brillo

It is slightly lustrous.

Durabilidad Natural

The wood is susceptible to termite and ambrosia beetle attack.

Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)

5

Dificultad para impregnar

This timber can be treated thoroughly, including the heartwood.

PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA

Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)

0.36

Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)

0.38

Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)

7.0

Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)

3.4

Defectos por secado

Ease of Drying: Drying is fairly easy; some difficulties could occur when drying too fast.

Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)

2.1

PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA

PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA

Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)

451

Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)

62287

Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)

260

Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)

69

Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)

176

Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)

210

TRABAJABILIDAD

Aserrado

Cutting resistance is generally low.

Corte de chapa rotativa

It peels easily but plywood is not very attractive and it is generally used for core stock.

Chapa tranchada

It peels easily but plywood is not very attractive and it is generally used for core stock.

Maquinado general

It works well with all tools.

Cepillado

Planing of this species is reported to be easy.

Acabado

Finishing of this wood is rated as fair.

Sacar lustre

It has a bad polishing.

Especies sustitutas

It is suggested as a substitute for balsa wood (Ochroma lagopus).

Usos Reportados

USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)

HOUSING GENERAL, boards, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING, food container, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, matches, moldings, paper

VIVIENDA GENERAL
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneles
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase alimentos
  • 49 - Mechanical properties of certain tropical woods
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Cerillas
  • 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Molduras
  • 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
Pulpa_papel
  • 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.

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