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SURIAN BATU (Chukrasia tabularis)
Nombre comercial
Surian batu
Nombre científico (con autor)
Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss.
Familia
MELIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Yinma; Vinma; Tawyinma; Sey barasi; Saiphra; Pabba; Mallei vepu; Main; Madagiri vembu; Lal devderi; Lal devadari; Kul hathuri; Kinthat-putgyi; Kaloti; Granti malle; Ganti malle; Eleutharay; Dalmara; Dal mara; Chikrassi; Chegarasi; Burma almondwood; Boga porna; Boga poma; Arrodah; Aglay; Agalai; Agal; Surian batu (Malaysia); Yeng-ma (Myanmar); Chittagong wood; Chickrassy (India); Repoh (Malaysia); Lat hoa (Vietnam); Suntang (Malaysia); Taw-yengma (Myanmar); Yom him (Thailand); Cherana puteh (Malaysia)
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is medium-sized, sometimes fairly large tree up to 30 m tall. The bole is branchless for up to 18 m, with a diameter of up to 110 cm, without buttresses.
Hábitat natural
Chukrasia is usually found scattered in lowland evergreen dipterocarp rainforests, moist evergreen or deciduous forests, from 300 to 800 m of altitude.
Distribución natural
It is distributed in India, Myanmar, Indochina, and southwards to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo.
Existencia de plantaciones?
Plantations of this species are reported in Nigeria, Cameroon, South Africa, Puerto Rico and Costa Rica.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Freshly cut wood has a fragrant odor, but dried wood has no characteristic odor or taste.
Color
The heartwood is pale reddish-brown, yellowish-red to red, darkening to dark yellowish-brown, reddish-brown to medium dark brown on exposure, sharply differentiated from lighter sapwood.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
2
Grano
The grain is interlocked and sometimes wavy.
Veta
This species is reported to have a moderately fine texture.
Brillo
Planed surfaces have a high lustrous satiny sheen.
Durabilidad Natural
It is durable under cover but not in exposed condition and liable to termites attack.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
4
Dificultad para impregnar
The wood is moderately resistant to extremely resistant to preservative treatment.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.71
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.81
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
7.3
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.4
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be difficult. Air drying 4 cm thick boards from green to 15% moisture content takes about 5 months. Drying Defects: It is prone to end and surface checking and has a slight tendency to twist. Kiln Schedules: Schedule recommended for Burma Lancewood. A mild kiln schedule is recommended although some checking (sometimes severe) cannot be avoid. Kiln drying from green to 12% moisture content takes 5-6 days.
Calendario de Secado
UK-E; US-T6-D2
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.7
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
877
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
122028
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
512
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
112
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
158
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
689
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
917
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawing of this species is reported to be rather difficult.
Corte de chapa rotativa
This species can be used for lamination.
Chapa tranchada
This species can be used for lamination.
Pérdida de filo_romado
It has a slight dulling effect on the cutting elements.
Maquinado general
Reports on machining operations are contradictory. Heavily interlocked material may pose difficulties.
Cepillado
Planing is reported to be easy, but interlocked material may pick up. A 20 degrees cutting angle is recommended.
Moldurado
Some picking up of grain may occur on quarter-sawn material.
Torneado
30
Taladrado
It is difficult to bore.
Clavado
This species has good nailing properties.
Encolado
It is reported to be easy to glue.
Acabado
It produces a moderately smooth finish.
Sacar lustre
Wood of this species is easy to polish.
Doblar al vapor
Steam bending properties are rated as good.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, boards, flooring, frames, steps, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, moldings, paper
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Marcos
- 16 - Woods of the World
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles finos
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
chapa decorativa
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
IMPLEMENTOS DEPORTIVOS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
CONTENEDORES
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Duelas toneles
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
OTROS E INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALES
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Molduras
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
Pulpa_papel
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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