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TANIMBUCA (Terminalia amazonia)
Nombre comercial
Tanimbuca
Nombre científico (con autor)
Terminalia amazonia (J.F. Gmel.) Exell
Familia
COMBRETACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Guayo; Broadleaf; Poirier; Olivier mangue; Jucarillo; Chicharron amarillo; Chicharrón amarillo; Chicharrón; Chicharron; Canxun; Canshán (Mexico); Rifari (Perú); Pata de danta (Venezuela); Guayabo de monte; Guayabo de montaña; Guayabón (Venezuela); Tanibuca (Brazil); White olive; Volador; Roble macuelizo; Pookadi; Pau mulato brancho (Brazil); Naranjo; Nangossiti (French Guiana); Merendiba branca; Leche amarillo; Guyabillo; Guayabon (Venezuela); Guayabo negro; Guayabo leon (Colombia); Guacharaco; Guaba; Ginja hoehoe; Chicharro; Bullywood; Bolador; Araca; Angouchi (French Guiana); Anangossiti (French Guiana); Amarillon; Amarillo de panama; Amarillo (Bolivia); Guaragui (Paraguay); Nogal Amarillo (Perú); Roble Amarillo (Perú); Nashipe (Ecuador); Yumbingue (Ecuador); Roble (Ecuador); Palo Prieto (Colombia); Roble (Colombia); Amarilla (Bolivia); Verdolago (Bolivia); Guarawi (Paraguay); Guarajuba (Brazil); Pardillo Amarillo (Venezuela); Chuncho (Perú); Cuiarana (Brazil); Tanimbuca (Brazil); Nacastillo; Aromilla; Guayabo (Colombia); White Oliver; Cochun; Fukadi (Guyana); Pau-Mulato Branco (Brazil); Pardillo Negro (Venezuela); Guayabo León (Colombia); Amarillo Carabazuelo (Panama); Canshan (Mexico); Almendro (Honduras); Roble De Esmeraldas (Colombia); Pata De Danto (Venezuela); Palo Amarillo; White Olivier; Coffee Mortar; Nargusta
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Terminalia odontoptera Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.; Terminalia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.; Terminalia hayesii Pittier; Terminalia excelsa Liebm. ex Hemsl.; Myrobalanus obovatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze; Gimbernatea obovata Ruiz & Pav.; Gimbernatea obovata Ruiz & Pav.; Chuncoa obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.; Chuncoa amazonica J.F. Gmel.; Chuncoa amazonia J.F. Gmel.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is a dominant tree, it can reach a height of 30 to 45 m, with a diameter of up to 150 cm, but more commonly about 40 to 100 cm. The bole is free of branches to about 25 m or more. It develops large buttresses up to 3 m tall.
Hábitat natural
Terminalia amazonia is found in primary tropical rain forests. In the Amazon basin it is reported on terra firme forests, on well drained soils.
Distribución natural
This species is reported to extend from southern Mexico into northern South America to Bolivia and Perú.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Occasionally white deposits in heartwood vessels. Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perf Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally axial parenchyma aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenc Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
It has no distinct odor or taste.
Color
The color of the heartwood ranges from brownish yellow to olive yellow color, often with dark streaks, not clearly demarcated from the sapwood.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
The grain is straight, wavy or interlocked.
Veta
The wood is medium textured.
Brillo
It presents medium to high luster
Durabilidad Natural
It is resistant to decay and dry-wood termites, but susceptible to attack by subterranean termites.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
4
Dificultad para impregnar
The heartwood has a poor response to preservative treatments. The response of the sapwood is variable.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.78
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.89
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
8.8
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.9
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Air drying is reported to be fast, kiln drying is easy. Drying Defects: Risk of twisting and cupping is reported.
Calendario de Secado
UK-C; US-T3-C2; JUNAC-A
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.5
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1630
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
174000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
808
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
143
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
132
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
984
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
1140
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
The timber is reported to be fairly difficult to saw.
Pérdida de filo_romado
Blunting effect on tools is reported to be very severe.
Cepillado
Straight-grained material is reported to be easy to plane, but material with interlocked grain may tear in planing. Reduced cutting angles are recommended for better results.
Torneado
30
Clavado
Nailing requires pre-boring.
Encolado
The wood glues well.
Lijado
Sanding characteristics are rated as good.
Sacar lustre
The wood can be polished to a smooth finish.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
This species responds poorly to hand tools.
Especies sustitutas
It is suggested as a possible substitute for Oak (Quercus sp.).
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossarms, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, steps, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, TOOLS, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Crucetas
- 7 - Maderas latinoamericanas. II, Quercus alata Q. costaricensis y Q. eugeniaefolia
Durmientes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Viguetas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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