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VIROLA (Virola sebifera)
Nombre comercial
Virola
Nombre científico (con autor)
Virola sebifera Aubl.
Familia
MYRISTICACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Moulomba (Guyana); Sangre; Cumala Blanca (Perú); Camaticaro (Venezuela); Palo De Sangre; Colorado; Ucuuba (Brazil); Sebo (Colombia); Nuanamo (Colombia); Birma; Shempo (Ecuador); Cumala Colorada (Perú); Cumala (Perú); Pintri (Surinam); Cajuea (Trinidad & Tobago); Otivo (Venezuela); Virola (Venezuela); Cuajo (Venezuela); Sangrino (Venezuela); Chaliviande (Ecuador); Dalli (Guyana); Banak; Bicuiba Branca (Brazil); Tapsava; Virola (Brazil); Ucuhuba (Brazil); Yayamadou (Guyana); Baboen (Surinam); Chalviande (Ecuador); Tzimbo (Ecuador); Gabón (Bolivia); Sangrino (Venezuela); Cuajo (Venezuela); Virola (Venezuela); Cumala (Perú); Banak; Veuhuba; Venhuba; Babun; Sangre De Toro (Colombia); Bagabani; Sangre; Camaticaro; Baboen (Surinam); Dalli (Guyana)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Palala sebifera (Aubl.) Kuntze; Myristica sebifera (Aubl.) Sw.; Myristica cordifolia Mart. ex A. DC.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
V. sebifera is a medium sized tree, attaining heights of up to 30 m and trunk diameters of about 90 cm. It presents buttresses.
Hábitat natural
Virola sebifera is distributed in the lowlands of tropical America up to 1300 m above the sea level. It is reported in secondary forests, growing on dry areas and also close to river mouths in the Atlantic forests.
Distribución natural
It is common in the states of Para until Sao Paulo in the cerrado forest of Brazil.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Tyloses thin walled. Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Occasionally m Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays commonly 2 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
It has no characteristic odor or taste.
Color
The sapwood is very pale brown, the heartwood gradually changes into brown with darker stripes.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
Straight grain is reported in this species.
Veta
This species is usually reported to have a medium texture.
Brillo
Luster is described as moderate to high.
Durabilidad Natural
It is easily attacked by biological agents.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
This species is reported to be easy to preserve.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.51
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.56
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
9.2
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.9
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: It is reported to have a moderate rate of drying. Drying Defects: Slight tendency to surface checking, twisting and casehardening are reported.
Calendario de Secado
UK-C; US-T3-C2; JUNAC-B
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.9
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
972
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
132000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
499
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
46
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
72
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
313
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
441
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
This species is easy to saw.
Corte de chapa rotativa
Lamination of this species is possible.
Chapa tranchada
Lamination of this species is possible.
Maquinado general
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Cepillado
Planing operations are rather easy.
Moldurado
Molding is reported to be easy.
Taladrado
It is easy to bore.
Lijado
Wood of this species is easy to sand.
Acabado
This species is reported to be easy to finish.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
This species is reported to be easy to work.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, panelling, fittings, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, common veneer, PACKING, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, cigar boxes
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Persianas
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Chapa rotativa
- 29 - Embassy of Ecuador in Japan
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Caja para puros
- 68 - Contribucion al conocimiento de la resistencia mecanica de la madera de peumo
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