WALABA (Eperua spp)
Nombre comercial
Walaba
Nombre científico (con autor)
EPerúa spp.
Familia
LEGUMINOSAE
Nombres Comunes
Copaíba-Clara (Brazil); Wallaba; Wapa; Espadeira (Brazil); EPerú (Brazil); Bainha De Espada (Brazil); Gebaru; Wallaba; Walaba; Uapa Tabaco; Palo Machete; Jebaro; Itusi Wallaba; Epeau; Bijlhout; Apazeiro (Brazil); Apa (Brazil); Wouapa; Woapa; Wapa Huileux; Wapa Patouve; Wapa Gras; Wapa; Soft Wallaba
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The trees are reported to reach heights of 30 m, with trunk diameters ranging from 45 to 70 cm. They develop well-formed and cylindrical boles that are 15 to 20 m long.
Hábitat natural
EPerúa trees are gregarious and dominant. They prefer acidic sandy soils in creek valleys and high savanna forests.
Distribución natural
The geographical range for this genus is the Guyanas and the northern Brazilian Amazon basin.
Usos No-maderables
resin canals in line, with important exudations
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Int Paratracheal axial parenchyma thin vasicentric. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano radial
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Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The color of the heartwood is commonly red brown, with darker resinous markings.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
3
Grano
The grain is frequently straight.
Veta
Texture is described as medium.
Durabilidad Natural
It is very durable against decay. This species is very resistant against termites and it is not attacked by Lyctus.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
1
Internal growth stresses
Growth stresses present in the tree may cause the log to burst on the butt.
Dificultad para impregnar
This timber is reported to respond poorly to preservative treatment.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.75
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.85
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
6.8
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
2.2
Calendario de Secado
UK-B; US-T2-C2
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
3.1
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1533
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
154600
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
715
Resistencia a la compresión perpendicular a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
87
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
98
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
862
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
753
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Resin present in wood may clog the saw-teeth
Pérdida de filo_romado
The wood has a moderate blunting effect.
Cepillado
Planing operations are not difficult if dry wood is processed (limited resin exudation ).
Clavado
Good nail-holding, but pre-boring is necessary.
Encolado
This species is easy to glue.
Sacar lustre
Polishing can give satisfactory results after suitable sanding and filling.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, CONTAINERS, cooperage, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shingle
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Durmientes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
CONTENEDORES
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Duelas toneles
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
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