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BITIS (Madhuca utilis)
Nom commercial
Bitis
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Madhuca utilis (Ridley) H.J. Lam ex K. Heyne
Famille
Sapotaceae
Noms communs (pays)
Bitis; Masang (Thailand); Mahua (India); Maloba (Philippines); Bitis (Malaysia); Betis (Philippines)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Payena utilis Ridley; Madhuca st6enophylla H.J. Lam; Isonandra utilis (Ridley) Baehni
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
It is a large tree up to 50 m tall, with boles up to 100 cm in diameter and buttresses up to 2 m high.
Habitat naturel
This species is common in lowland primary forests, it is also found in swampy forests.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Helical thickenings in vessel elements present. Vessel-ray pit Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
Freshly felled wood often has a sour smell and a bitter taste.
Teinte
The sapwood is distinct, the heartwood varies from reddish brown to red-chocolate brown.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
It is straight, very rarely interlocked.
Texture
Texture is reported to be moderately fine.
Luster
The heartwood is slightly lustrous.
Durabilité naturelle
Despite it is rated as durable, it shows rather low resistance to marine borers.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
2
Résistance à l'imprégnation
The heartwood is very resistant to preservative treatment. The sapwood is moderately permeable.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.87
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
1.01
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.1
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.0
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: This species dries usually fairly rapidly. Air seasoning of 15 mm thick boards takes 2 to 2.5 months. Drying Defects: Risk of large distortion and significant surface checks are reported if it is dried too fast. Kiln Schedules: 25 mm thick boards can be kiln dried from 50% to 10% moisture content in 6 to 7 days.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
UK-E
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.2
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_British_ENG.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1742
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
242522
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
917
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
121
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
157
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Sawing of this species is reported to be rather difficult, there is a great variation within the species.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
It is not suitable for veneer and plywood because its density.
Placage tranche
It is not suitable for veneer and plywood because its density.
Effet d'émoussement
It blunts the saws and cutters quickly.
Usinage
Special cutters are required.
Perçage
This species is easy to bore.
Clouage
Pre-bore is required.
Collage
Gluing of this species is easy.
Finissage
It finishes well.
Polissage
It is easy to polish.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Traverses de chemin de fer
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles ordinaire
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
SPORTS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_manches
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Outils_agric
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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