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CHENGAL (Neobalanocarpus heimii)
Nom commercial
Chengal
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Neobalanocarpus heimii (King) P. Ashton
Famille
DIPTEROCARPACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Tjengal; Taknian chan tamaeo (Thailand); Takian-chan (Thailand); Takhian chan ta maeo (Thailand); Takhian chan (Thailand); Penak tambaga; Penak sabut; Penak lilin; Penak bunga; Penak (Malaysia); Chingal; Chi-nga mas; Chengal (Malaysia); Chengai batu; Chengai (Malaysia)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Balanocarpus heimii King
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
It is a very large tree, sometimes over 60 m tall. The bole is straight, branchless for 30 m or more, with an average diameter of 90 cm. It presents prominent buttresses.
Habitat naturel
It is widespread in mixed dipterocarp forests below 1,000 m of altitude, especially on well drained soils. It is known or inferred that the harvesting of specimens from the wild for international trade has, or may have, a detrimental impact on the specie
Répartition naturelle
This species is widely distributed in the Malay Peninsula including southernmost Thailand.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vestured pits. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Vascular/vasicentric tracheides present. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma scalariform. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Rays storied. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of uprigh Fibers storied.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is white or pale yellow. The freshly-cut heartwood is pale yellow-brown, turning to dark reddish or purple-brown, often with attractive greenish tinge.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
5
Grain
The grain is usually slightly interlocked or wavy, rarely straight.
Texture
Texture is mostly fine to medium.
Luster
The surface is slightly lustrous.
Durabilité naturelle
Heartwood is very resistant to decay. It also has a reputation of being highly resistant to most species of termites.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
2
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: Silica content is negligible. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0
Résistance à l'imprégnation
The sapwood is moderately permeable, but the heartwood is impermeable to preservative treatment.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.82
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.95
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
7.4
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
3.0
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be difficult. Drying Defects: It has a tendency to warp and collapse. Kiln Schedules: Reconditioning treatment at 20% of moisture content is recommended to recover wood with collapse. Kiln drying of heavier grades of eucalyptus timber is only practicable in boards up to 25 mm in thickness. It is strongly recommended to air dry the wood to
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
UK-B; US-T2-C2
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
2.5
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1514
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
199334
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
764
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
122
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
143
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
957
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Despite its density, sawmilling of this species is reportedly fair.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
This species can be used for lamination.
Placage tranche
This species can be used for lamination.
Usinage
Machining of this species is easy to fair. Presence of resins is sometimes troublesome.
Rabotage
Planing operations are rather easy.
Moulurage
It is easy to mold.
Perçage
This species is easy to bore.
Mortaisage
Mortising of this species is reported to be easy.
Clouage
It nails well, but pre-boring is recommended.
Ponçage
Sanding properties are rated as good to fair.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Ponts
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poteaux
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Traverses de chemin de fer
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
SPORTS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_agric
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
CONTENANTS
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Tonnellerie
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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