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AVODIRé (Turraeanthus africanus)
Nom commercial
Avodiré
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Turraeanthus africanus (Welw. ex C. DC.) Pellegr.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Avodire (Côte d`Ivoire); M'Fube (Zaire); Lusamba (Zaire); Lusamba (Belgium); M`fube (Zaire); Apaya (Nigeria); Blimah-pu (Liberia); Apapaye (Ghana); Avodire
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Turraeanthus zenkeri Harms; Turraeanthus vignei Hutch. & Dalziel; Guarea africana Welw. ex C. DC.; Bingeria africana (Welw. ex C. DC.) A. Chev.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree reaches a height of 38 m. The bole is usually irregular, fluted, clear to 16 m in length. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.
Habitat naturel
Turraeanthus africanus is commonly found in the rain semi-deciduous forests, in a narrow semi-coastal belt among foothills and near streams and lakes, often in poorly drained places.
Répartition naturelle
West Africa, from Sierra Leone to Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays commonly 2 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The heartwood is creamy white to pale yellow, darkening to golden yellow on exposure, it is not clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
7
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Texture
This wood has a somewhat fine texture.
Luster
The wood surface is described as high in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Not durable; important risks of decay attacks at any processing step, from logs up to final products. It must receive preservative treatment. Moderately resistant to termites attack. The heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attacks.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
5
Tensions internes de croissance
For this species no growth stresses are reported.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: This timber is reported to have a negligible silica content. Silica contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.53
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.58
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.6
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
3.9
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-5
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.7
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
961
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
128342
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
532
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
67
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
97
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
414
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
518
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Rabotage
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulurage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortaisage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Clouage
No particular problem.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Cintrage à la vapeur
Steam bending is difficult.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
No particular problems.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
AUTRES ET INSTRUMENTS DE MUSIQUE
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
Moulures
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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