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ANDIROBA (Carapa procera)
Nom commercial
Andiroba
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Carapa procera DC.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Uganda crabwood; Toon-kor-doh; Sua-bise; Okoto; Munangu; Mukasa-kumbi; Monkey cola; Molonkoto; Mebukulo; Mbula-ndobi; Mbukuli; Kwaku-bise; Kundu; Krupia; Krapa; Kraa-bise; Ibbegogo; Engany; Engang; Ditondondo; Crabwood; Chu-nay-dor-kohn; Cedro macho; Carapa; Bukulo; Borowa; Asorowa; African crabwood; Mutongana (Uganda); Mujogo (Uganda); Agogo (Nigeria); Krupi (Ghana); Bete (Ghana); Dona (Côte d`Ivoire); Alla (Côte d`Ivoire); Toon-kor-dah (Liberia); Kowi (Sierra Leone); Gobi (Sierra Leone); Andiroba
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Carapa microcarpa A. Chev.; Carapa gummiflua C. DC.; Carapa guineensis Sweet ex A. Juss.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The trees are reported to reach heights of 30 to 40 m, with diameters ranging from 50 to 80 cm. They develop straight and cylindrical boles, up to 15 m long. Lengths of 20 m are also possible.
Habitat naturel
Carapa procera is often a dominant species, which prefers humid areas. It can be found on hills or close to rivers.
Répartition naturelle
Carapa procera has a wide growth range in tropical America and it is also found in West Africa, although the African trees do not reach the same dimensions as the American ones. In tropical America it is reported to occur from Costa Rica and Panama south
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Red-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less. Occasionally axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Occasionally paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Paratracheal axial 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Septate fibers present.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is distinct, the heartwood is golden red brown in color.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is usually straight, but sometimes it is reported to be slightly interlocked.
Texture
C. procera has fairly fine texture.
Durabilité naturelle
C. procera is rated as poor to moderately resistant against decay and termites attack, but resistant against dry wood insects.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
Résistance à l'imprégnation
It is reported to be untreatable either with oil or water based preservatives.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.63
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.70
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
10.1
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.7
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.5
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1626
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
136000
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
635
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
116
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to cut, but it dulls the saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
This species is reported to be interesting for slicing and rotary peeling.
Placage tranche
This species is reported to be interesting for slicing and rotary peeling.
Effet d'émoussement
A very slight to slight dulling effect is reported for this species.
Usinage
Machining of C. procera is reported to present some difficulties when interlocked grain is found.
Clouage
It has a good holding of nails, but splitting is reported on end grain.
Collage
Gluing of this species is easy.
Finissage
Wood of this species is easy to finish.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
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