ACAJOU CAILCEDRAT (Khaya senegalensis)
Nom commercial
Acajou, Cailcedrat
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Khaya senegalensis A.Juss.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Dialo (Senegal); Cailcedrat (Senegal); Cailcedrat (Mali); Bissilom (Guinea-Bissau); Diala (Guinea); Cailcedrat (Côte d`Ivoire); Bissilongo (Côte d`Ivoire); Acajou bissilom (Côte d`Ivoire); Djala (Burkina Faso); Cailcedrat (Burkina Faso); Acajou cailcedrat (Benin); Acajou du behr (Sudan); Tit; Tiro; Tido; Senga mahogany; Senegal mahogany; Ono; Okpe; Oganwo; Murraya; Mario; Madwachi; Madachi; Loko; Logo; Kuntunkuri; Kuka; Kuga; Korobaa; Koko; Koka; Kiree; Kirai; Kierr; Kheiri; Khaya wood; Khaya mahogany; Kahi; Kagam; Homraya; Haemu; Ha; Guinea mahogany; Gadeau; Frimu; Eri; Dry zone mahogany; Delehi; Cail cedrat; Bogu; Bisslongo; Bissilongo; Bisselon; Benin mahogany; Bele; Bandora; Alor; Agwanwo; African mahogany; Acajou du Senegal; Acajou cail cedrat; Abudu ono; Bandoro (Sudan); Eri kiree (Uganda); Ogwango (Nigeria); Akuk (Nigeria); Diala-iri (Ghana); Cailcedrat
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Swietenia senegalensis Desr.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree reaches a height of 32 to 40 m. The bole is usually twisted or crooked with low branching. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 150 cm.
Habitat naturel
Khaya senegalensis is often found in the fringe between the rain forest and the savanna. National conservation status in Benin V.
Répartition naturelle
West tropical Africa from the Guinea Coast to Cameroon and extending eastward through the Congo basin to Uganda and parts of Sudan.
Existence de plantations?
Tested and planted in some African countries. In most cases, mixed plantations with other species (Niangon, Okoume, Bilinga). The duration of the rotation is 40 years, to reach 60 cm in diameter.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plat Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan tangentiel)
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Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is slightly paler than the heartwood, it has a thickness of 2.5 to 5 cm. The heartwood is pink-brown, darkening to a deep red-brown color, with a purplish tinge, it is clearly demarcated.
Grain
It has highly interlocked grain; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Texture
This wood has a somewhat medium texture.
Luster
This wood is commonly of low luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heart
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
Tensions internes de croissance
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: It is reported to have a negligible amount of silica. Contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.69
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.78
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.6
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.9
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Air drying is reported as good with little or no degrade.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-6
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.1
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
879
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
118791
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
550
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
70
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
91
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
757
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
838
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is moderately easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Rabotage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulurage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortaisage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Clouage
Pre-boring is necessary.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
Working with hand tools is difficult.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Manches de couverts
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Formes à chaussures
- 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Artisanat
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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