ACAJOU D`AFRIQUE (Khaya ivorensis)
Nom commercial
Acajou d`Afrique
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Khaya ivorensis A.Chev.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Lagos mahogany (Nigeria); Takoradi Mahogany (Ghana); Acajou Bassam (Côte d`Ivoire); Acajou Bassam (France); African Mahogany (United Kingdom); Khaya Mahogany (Germany); Zaminguila (Gabon); Zamanguila (Equatorial Guinea); Caoba del Galon (Equatorial Guinea); N'Gollon (Cameroon); Undianunu (Angola); Zoele; Tiamatiama; Samanguila; Red mahogany; Orkogho; Ogurano; Ogurango; Odupon; Odupod; Oduben; Ngollon; Ngollo; Munyama; Lukuma; Lokobua; Krubna; Krala; Kortghot; Khaya; Humpe; Houngo; Ekuie; Dupuin; Dukumakokre; Dukuma-dugura; Dukuma; Diburi; Biribu; Biribi; Bariba; African mahogany; Acajou rouge; Acajou blanc; Acajou bassam; Ogwango (Nigeria); Dukuma fufu (Ghana); Dubini (Ghana); Acajou d`Afrique (Côte d`Ivoire)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Khaya klainei Pierre ex Pellegr.; Khaya caudata Stapf ex Hutch. & Dalz.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree reaches a height of more than 50 m. The bole is usually straight, clear and cylindrical to 30 m in length, buttressed. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 150 cm.
Habitat naturel
Khaya ivorensis is found in various habitat types in West and Central Africa but is most abundant in wet undisturbed evergreen forest. Log export bans and legal protection exist in various countries. National conservation status in Cote d`Ivoire V, Liber
Répartition naturelle
From Sierra Leone and Liberia to Gabon. It is distributed through coastal West Africa.
Existence de plantations?
Tested and planted in some African countries. In most cases, mixed plantations with other species (Niangon, Okoume, Bilinga). The duration of the rotation is 40 years, to reach 60 cm in diameter.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plat Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan tangentiel)
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Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
Light and pleasant odor.
Teinte
The sapwood is creamy white to yellowish white, it has a thickness of 5 cm. The heartwood is pink to light red brown, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
5
Grain
The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked.
Texture
The wood is reported to be frequently medium textured.
Luster
The wood surface is described as low in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heart
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
Tensions internes de croissance
Residual stresses are reported to be absent.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: It is reported to have a negligible amount of silica. Contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.03
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.47
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.51
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.5
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
2.9
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Drying is very slow and difficult to perform; defects are frequent. Drying Defects: Risks of checks. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-6
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.9
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
709
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
124826
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
421
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
49
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
64
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
321
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
423
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Rabotage
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulurage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortaisage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Clouage
No particular problem.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Cintrage à la vapeur
Steam bending is difficult.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
No particular problems.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, boat deck, port storage
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces (de placage)
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Navires_coques
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
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