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AMARANTE, PURPLEHEART (Peltogyne paniculata)
Nom commercial
Amarante, Purpleheart
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Peltogyne paniculata Benth.
Famille
LEGUMINOSAE
Noms communs (pays)
Violeta (Brazil); Roxinho (Brazil); Pau-Roxo-Da-Várzea (Brazil); Pau-Roxo (Brazil); Guaré (Brazil); Cinzeiro (Brazil); Guarabu (Brazil); Tananeo; Morado; Pau Roxo (Brazil); Purperhart; Sakavalli; Saka; Koroboreli; Violetwood; Purpleheart; Bois Pourpre; Pourpre; Bois Violet; Sakaballi; Sapater; Zapatero; Sacka; Palo Morado; Palo Cocha; Nazareno; Violet; Tannaneo; Violet Wood; Marawineroo; Koruburelli; Kooroobooelli; Amarante; Amaranth; Amaranto; Purple Wood; Purple Heart
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Peltogyne venosa (Vahl) Benth.; Peltogyne pubescens Benth. ; Peltogyne confertiflora (Hayne) Benth.; Peltogyne amplissima Pittier; Hymenaea venosa Vahl; Hymenaea confertifolia Hayne
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
Two sub-species with similar wood characteristics and distribution are reported, P. paniculata ssp paniculata and ssp pubescens. Some variation is reported according to the species, but it is often about 25 to 35 m in height, with a trunk diameter of abou
Répartition naturelle
This species is reported to be widely distributed all over Central and northern South America.
Usages non ligneux
The wood presents gums which affect wood processing.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Occasionally vessels with colored deposits. Occasionally white deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (a Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Occasionally pith fleck. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in cha Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
The wood has no specific odor or taste.
Teinte
The sapwood is white, clearly differentiated from the heartwood which is dark red to purple when dry.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
3
Grain
The grain is typically straight or wavy and sometimes interlocked.
Texture
Texture is mostly fine to medium.
Luster
The wood exhibits a moderate to high luster.
Durabilité naturelle
The heartwood is resistant to decay fungi attack and to termites, but it is less resistant to marine borers.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
2
Résistance à l'imprégnation
It is very difficult to treat, but for most applications preservative treatments are not required.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.71
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.80
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.8
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.4
Défauts dus au séchage
Drying Defects: Risk of checking and warping is reported. Kiln Schedules: Slow drying is recommended.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
UK-E; US-T6-D2
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.6
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1430
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
163500
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
842
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
203
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
156
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
1197
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
1343
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
The wood is hard and it contains resins that affect sawing.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
This species is interesting for slicing, thermal treatments are recommended.
Placage tranche
This species is interesting for slicing, thermal treatments are recommended.
Effet d'émoussement
It is considered to have a moderate blunting effect on the cutting elements.
Usinage
Peltogyne is reported to be moderately difficult to work in most machining operations including planing, turning, boring, and molding. They respond rather poorly to ordinary tools, and working with dull cutters may cause the wood to heat up.
Rabotage
A reduction of the cutting angle to 15 degrees is required, when wavy or interlocked material is present, to obtain satisfactory results in planing.
Tournage
30
Clouage
It has a tendency to split. Pre-boring is indispensable.
Collage
The timber is reported to glue well.
Ponçage
It is easy to sand.
Finissage
Organic solvents remove the characteristic purple color. To preserve the natural color, wax finishing is recommended.
Cintrage à la vapeur
The wood steam bends fairly well.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
Response to hand tools is reported to be only fair.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, parquet, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, coffin
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_manches
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Artisanat
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Cercueils
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
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