ANDIRA (Andira spp)
Nom commercial
Andira
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Andira spp.
Famille
LEGUMINOSAE
Noms communs (pays)
Andira; Angelim-Rosa (Brazil); Angelim-Da-Mata (Brazil); Andirobeira (Brazil); Andirá-Uchi (Brazil); Andirá (Brazil); Anani-Da-Terra-Firme (Brazil); Kuraru; Angelim (Brazil); Saint Martin Rouge; Koraro
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
Andira trees are generally medium size unarmed trees, occasionally up to 35 m high.
Habitat naturel
Andira trees are reported in temporarily inundated rain forests and semideciduous forests of central and South America. This genus is found in primary and secondary forests.
Répartition naturelle
This genus is reported to be common in tropical America, especially in Central America and northern South America
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. I Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan radiale)
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Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The color of the heartwood is pink brown to red brown, with pale veins which are observed on the tangential surface.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
2
Grain
The grain is usually straight or slightly interlocked.
Texture
Texture is described as coarse.
Durabilité naturelle
Andira is durable against fungi attack. This species is rated as resistant against termite attack. It is not attacked by Lyctus.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
1
Tensions internes de croissance
Presence of important internal stresses is reported.
Résistance à l'imprégnation
It is difficult to impregnate.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.77
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.88
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
7.3
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.7
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
US-T3-D2
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.6
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_USA_ENG.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1471
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
153049
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
759
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
94
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Presence of important internal stresses are reported to affect sawing.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
This species can be sliced to produce decorative veneer.
Placage tranche
This species can be sliced to produce decorative veneer.
Effet d'émoussement
It is considered to have a moderate blunting effect on the cutting elements.
Usinage
Machining operations are not difficult, but special tools are recommended. A tendency to raised grain is reported in planing. Risk of splinters are reported as well.
Rabotage
This species is easy to plane.
Tournage
30
Clouage
Pre-boring is necessary.
Collage
Careful gluing is recommended.
Finissage
Andira has a good behavior, but it requires care during sanding and finishing.
Polissage
It has a good polishing.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, frames, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, yoke
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Traverses de chemin de fer
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles ordinaire
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Manches de couverts
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_manches
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Outils_agric
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
EMBALLAGE
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Embal_lourd
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Emballage, palettes
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Yokes
- 74 - World Timbers, Vol.2, North and South America
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