< Retour CASTANHEIRO (Bertholletia excelsa) Version imprimable
CASTANHEIRO (Bertholletia excelsa)
Nom commercial
Castanheiro
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.
Famille
LECYTHIDACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Noz-Do-Brasil (Brazil); Castanheira (Brazil); Castanha-Vermelha (Brazil); Castanha-Sapucaia (Brazil); Castanha-Do-Maranhão (Brazil); Castanha-Do-Brasil (Brazil); Castanha-De-Paca (Brazil); Cassipá (Brazil)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Bertholletia nobilis Miers; Barthollesia excelsa Silva Manso
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The trees are reported to be very large, reaching heights of up to 50 m, occasionally up to 60 m, with trunk diameters of 100 to 180 cm. The boles are cylindrical, with commercial lengths of about 25 m.
Habitat naturel
This species is reported to be widely distributed all over the Amazon region. Bertholletia excelsa is a gregarious species, found in non-inundable areas of terra firme forests. The trade of timber of B. excelsa is restricted in Brazil. Vulnerable(IBAMA,2
Répartition naturelle
In Brazil it is found in the Amazon basin from Goias and Mato Grosso, up to Rondonia and Acre states in the south.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits Occasionally axial parenchyma apparent with the naked eye. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines (included in reticulate and scalariform). Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
Odor and taste are indistinct.
Teinte
The heartwood is pink grayish in color, slightly differentiated from the sapwood which is yellowish gray.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
5
Grain
The grain is usually irregular.
Texture
The wood is typically medium in texture.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
Résistance à l'imprégnation
B. excelsa is difficult to treat, with low retention of preservatives.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.71
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.80
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
9.4
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.7
Défauts dus au séchage
Drying Defects: Slight checking and warping are reported.
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
2.0
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1183
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
128000
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
595
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
101
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
117
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
667
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
823
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
The response of this wood in sawing is fair.
Usinage
Workability of this timber is considered as good.
Rabotage
Planing of this species is fair.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
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