CHEMPAKA (Michelia champaca)
Nom commercial
Chempaka
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Michelia champaca L.
Famille
MAGNOLIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Orange chempaka; Su (Vietnam); Champaka (Philippines); Sagah (Myanmar); Safan (Myanmar); Cempaka (Indonesia); Champa khao (Thailand); Cempaka kuning (Indonesia); Capaka (Indonesia); Champaka (Sabah); Chempaka (Malaysia); Chempaka merah (Malaysia); Champaca (Philippines); Mawk-sam-lung (Myanmar); Champa (Thailand); Champa pa (Thailand); Cham pa (Laos)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Talauma villosa fo. celebica Miq.; Sampacca velutina Kuntze; Sampacca suaveolens (Pers.) Kuntze; Michelia champaca var. pubinervia (Blume) Miq.; Michelia blumei Steud.; Magnolia membranacea P. Parm.; Magnolia champaca Baillon ex Pierre
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
It is a large evergreen tree, up to 30 m tall. The bole is straight, clean and cylindrical for 18 to 21 m, without buttresses.
Habitat naturel
This species is found scattered in primary lowland to montane rain forest, up to 2,100 m of altitude.
Existence de plantations?
This species is now commonly cultivated throughout the tropics.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Occasionally vessels per mm2 more than 20. Intervessel pits scalariform. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Multiple perforation plate Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Oil and/or mucilage cells associated with the axial and/or ray parenchyma (idioblasts). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers very thin walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan radiale)
-
Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
It has no taste or odor.
Teinte
The heartwood is olive-brown turning to dark brown with a greenish tinge upon exposure, clearly differentiated from the pale brown sapwood.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is straight or slightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture varies from fine to moderately fine.
Luster
This wood is frequently low in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
It is rated as a non durable to moderately durable wood. The heartwood is resistant against termites and the sapwood is resistant to Lyctus attack.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
6
Résistance à l'imprégnation
The heartwood cannot be treated with preservatives.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.49
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.54
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.2
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
3.2
Défauts dus au séchage
Drying Defects: Insect attack and cupping and bowing are the main sources of degrade.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
JP-18
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.6
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_Japanese_ENG.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
688
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
91812
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
420
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
85
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
356
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly easy.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
The timber peels and slices well.
Placage tranche
The timber peels and slices well.
Usinage
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Tournage
30
Clouage
It is easy to nail.
Collage
It has a good behavior in gluing.
Finissage
It takes a good finish.
Espèces de substitution
It could possible substitute American white-wood (Liriodendron tulipifera)
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, PACKING, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, cementboard
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
EMBALLAGE
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Artisanat
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Cementboard
- 81 - Madeiras da Amazônia: descrição do lenho de 40 espécies ocorrentes na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós
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