KERUING (Dipterocarpus caudiferus)
Nom commercial
Keruing
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Dipterocarpus caudiferus Merr.
Famille
Dipterocarpaceae
Noms communs (pays)
Keruwing (Germany); Dau (Cambodia); Keruing (Italy); Keruing (Sweden); Kruen (France); Kruen (Italy); Dau (Vietnam); Kanyin (Myanmar); In (Myanmar); Keruing (France); Yang (Thailand); Keruing (Indonesia); Keroewing (Netherlands); Eng (Myanmar); Keruing anderi (Indonesia); Kayu kawan (Sumatra); Kayu minyak (Sumatra); Apitong (Philippines); Bagac (Philippines); Basilan (Philippines); Panau (Philippines); Keruing (Malaysia); Gurjun (India); Indonesian keruing (United States of America); Indonesian gurjun (United States of America); Indonesian keruing (United Kingdom); Kruen (Sweden); Indonesian gurjun (United Kingdom)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Dipterocarpus macrorrhinus v. Slooten; Dipterocarpus kutaianus v. Slooten
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
It is a very large tree up to 65 m tall. The bole is very tall, straight and cylindrical, up to 160 cm in diameter. The buttresses are few and up to 3.5 m tall, to 2 m long, and to 12 cm thick. This species is considered an oleo-resin tree.
Habitat naturel
Dipterocarpus caudiferus is a common lowland keruing in Borneo, occurring on clay soils, up to 800 m of altitude.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Sheath cells. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal ce Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan tangentiel)
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Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
It has a distinctive smell of resin.
Teinte
The sapwood is yellowish to grayish-brown and usually distinctly demarcated from the heartwood, which is grayish-brown to red-brown.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is straight, sometimes interlocked.
Texture
The texture varies from moderately coarse to coarse but even.
Durabilité naturelle
Most of the species in the keruing group are rated as moderately durable. The resistance against dry wood insects is poor.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: It is reported to have silica. Contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.62
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.69
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
8.1
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.1
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
JP-3; UK-D; US-T3-D2
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.6
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1190
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
138788
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
609
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
123
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
467
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to cross cut but slightly difficult to saw. Resin present in wood is reported to clog the saw-teeth.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Resin patches are usually seen on the surface of the veneer. Preheating is essential for good peeling.
Placage tranche
Resin patches are usually seen on the surface of the veneer. Preheating is essential for good peeling.
Effet d'émoussement
Wood with high silica content quickly blunts saw-teeth.
Rabotage
Planing operations are rather easy.
Perçage
Boring of this species is fair.
Clouage
This wood is difficult to nail.
Collage
The resin interferes with the gluing properties and the species that are too oily are generally not used.
Finissage
This species is reported to be easy to finish. Resin exudation, if present, may difficult finishing.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, port pillar, port storage
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Ports piliers
- 61 - Manual de Diseño para Maderas del Grupo Andino
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
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