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SIPO (Entandrophragma utile)
Nom commercial
Sipo
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Entandrophragma utile Sprague
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Sipo (Côte d`Ivoire); Sipo-Mahagony (Germany); Kalungi (Zaire); Undianuno; Tsimaie tshibu; Tshimaie n`shibu; Timbi; Sapele mahogany; Muyovu; Mufumbi mahogany; Mfumbi; Mebrou; M`vovo; Libuyu; Feather sapele; Efuobrodidwo; Efuo-konkonti; Efuchyewee; Budongo heavy mahogany; Bokoi; Akuk; Afrobrodiju; Kosi-kosi (Gabon); Assie (Cameroon); Okeong (Nigeria); Efuodwe (Ghana); Sipo-mahagoni (Germany); Utile (United Kingdom); Mufumbi (Uganda); Kalungi (Angola); Liboyo (Zaire); Assi (Gabon); Abebay (Equatorial Guinea); Asseng-assie (Cameroon); Utile (Nigeria); Utile (Ghana); Sipo
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Pseudocedrella utilis Dawe & Sprague; Pseudocedrela utilis Dawe & Sprague; Entandrophragma roburoides Vermoes.; Entandrophragma macrocarpum A. Chev.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree grows to a height of more than 50 m, with trunk diameter above up to 200 cm. The bole is straight, cylindrical and clear to 32 m, occasionally fluted. Log is banned for international trading.(Cameroon)
Habitat naturel
Entandrophragma utile grows in moist deciduous primary forests, dry subtypes and transitional formations. There are protected populations and felling limits in various countries. National conservation status in Cote d`Ivoire V, Liberia E.
Répartition naturelle
West and Central Africa.
Existence de plantations?
It is a long rotation species for plantation. Best results are obtained in evergreen dense forests in comparison with plantations in semi-deciduous forest.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation pl Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchy 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is pinkish white, it has a thickness of 2 to 6 cm. The heartwood is red brown, slightly purplish, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is medium.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Texture
Texture is reported to be fine to medium.
Luster
It is reported to be moderate in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Because of its variable resistance it is considered as moderately durable to decay. Without treatment, it can be used when risks of occasional re-humidification; it is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Moderately
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
4
Tensions internes de croissance
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: Negligible contents of silica are found in timber of this species. Amounts over 0.05% may affect the wood processing. Silica Value: 0.02
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.56
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.62
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.4
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.6
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-6
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.4
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
930
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
134984
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
568
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
74
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
74
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
469
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
573
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Rabotage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulurage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Mortaisage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Clouage
No particular problem.
Collage
Difficult to glue because of the extracts content.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Cintrage à la vapeur
Steam bending is difficult.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
No particular problems.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces (de placage)
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Navires_coques
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Moulures
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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