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TALI (Erythrophleum suaveolens)
Nom commercial
Tali
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Erythrophleum suaveolens Brenan
Famille
LEGUMINOSAE
Noms communs (pays)
Tali (Guinea); Alui (Côte d`Ivoire); Elondo (Spain); Elondo (Portugal); Elone (Gabon); N'kassa (Congo); Eloun (Cameroon); Muave (Zambia); Tsa; Teli; Telehi; Tehi; Talo; Tali y roble africano; Sassy bark; Sangay; Sahi; Sachi; Red water tree; Peli; Ovinyin; Orhue; Ordeal tree; Orachi; Oginyi; Oginni; Odiodi; Nko; Nkassa; Ngogbei; Ndom; Mumara; Mkola; Mkelekele; Mkarati; Meli; Mbele; Mbaraka; Manconi; Macone; Kwon; Kulenten; Kokudabo; Koe-kon; Kekeu; Keke-au; Kbande; Ka-kontha; Jru; Jallin baro; Ipomi; Inyin; Inyi; Ifwon; Idip; Gwaska; Guilutu; Guhie; Gue; Gogwi; Gbangba-gbende; Etsa; Erun obo; Erui-alui; Erui; Erue; Elun; Elui; Elon; Ellong; Elegue-muani; Digpende; Burene; Bungoro; Buirane; Buirame; Boutite; Bolondo; Betomo; Betiche; Bentabe; Baska; Baier; Atsa; Atiuhia; Atiemia; Arue; Alui; Akwir; Akpa etuidiwi; Akpa; Adjuga; Abawa; Aba; A-kon; Missanda (United Kingdom); Muave (Zaire); Mwavi (Tanzania); Missanda (Mozambique); Kassa (Zaire); N`kassa (Congo); Elondo (Equatorial Guinea); Eloun (Gabon); Elone (Cameroon); Sasswood (Nigeria); Erun (Nigeria); Potrodom (Ghana); Mancone (Guinea-Bissau); Gogbei (Sierra Leone); Tali (Senegal); Tali (Côte d`Ivoire)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Fillaea suaveolens Guill. & Perr.; Erythrophleum guineense G. Don
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree is up to 30 to 45 in height, with a bole length of 10 to 16 m, usually irregular, often buttressed. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 150 cm.
Habitat naturel
Erythrophleum suaveolens occurs in moist forests, dense dry forests and along riverbanks.
Répartition naturelle
West, Central and East Africa, mainly in Guinea, Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is yellowish white to pinkish white, it has a thickness of 3 to 6 cm. The heartwood is yellow-brown to red brown, darkening on exposure, it is clearly demarcated.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is highly and systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Texture
The texture of the wood is frequently coarse.
Durabilité naturelle
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
1
Tensions internes de croissance
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: Negligible content of silica is reported. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.83
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.96
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
10.5
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
5.7
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Drying is slow but without difficulties. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-13
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.8
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
1181
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
133923
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
801
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
116
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
88
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
1148
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
1167
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Not suitable for veneering.
Placage tranche
Not suitable for veneering.
Effet d'émoussement
Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.
Usinage
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported. It is recommended to use special tools for cutting.
Rabotage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Moulurage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Perçage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortaisage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Clouage
Pre-boring is necessary.
Collage
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Ponçage
Difficult to obtain very good results because of interlocked grain.
Polissage
Needs pre-coating.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
Working with hand tools is difficult.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, paling, stakes posts, crossarms, crossties, piers, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring
EXTERIOR GENERAL
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Ponts
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Poteaux
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Pieux de cloture
- 4 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas da bicuiba
Piquets
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Crosses
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Traverses de chemin de fer
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
Piliers
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MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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