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TIAMA (Entandrophragma angolense)
Nom commercial
Tiama
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Entandrophragma angolense C.DC.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Gedur-nohor (Nigeria); Tiama (Côte d`Ivoire); Gedur-nohor (United Kingdom); M'vovo (Zaire); Zizia; Zize-plehi; Tshimaye blanc; Tshimaie tsitoke; Timbi; Tiama-tiama; Penkwa; Ounabo; Njilei; Muyovu; Lukru; Lokobo; Krobra; Kikura; Keguigo; Kahiguigo; Jebu mahogany; Ipaki; Ijebu; Gedu nohor; Gedu noha; Gedu lohor; Eyin igedu; Esaka; Egin-igedu; Dukuma; Dubo; Digbo; Budongo mahogany; Brown mahogany tiama; Bodongo; Baka-biraingui; Baeko; Acajou tiama; Abenbegne; Kalungi (Zaire); Gedu-nohor (United Kingdom); Acuminata (Germany); Tiama-mahagoni (Germany); Mukusu (Uganda); Vovo (Zaire); Lifaki (Zaire); Acuminata (Angola); Livuite (Angola); Kiluka (Congo); Abeubegne (Gabon); Dongomanguila (Equatorial Guinea); Gedu-nohor (Nigeria); Edinam (Ghana); Tiama
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Swietenia angolensis Welw. ex C.DC.; Entandrophragma macrophyllum A. Chev.; Entandrophragma leplaei Vermoes.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree reaches a height of 50 m. The bole is moderately straight and cylindrical, up to 20 to 26 m in length. It attains a diameter of 130 up to 230 cm over the large buttresses and wide-spreading root ridges.
Habitat naturel
Entandrophragma angolense is found in the rain and deciduous forests and also in transitional formations.
Répartition naturelle
West, Central and East Africa
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation pl Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent unilateral paratracheal. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is whitish or pinkish, it has a thickness of 10 cm. The heartwood is red-brown, darkening slightly on exposure, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Texture
Texture is reported to be medium to coarse.
Luster
This species is low in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is resistant
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
6
Tensions internes de croissance
Residual stresses are reported to be absent.
Teneur en silice
Silica Content: Negligible content of silica is reported. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.52
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.57
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
7.3
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.7
Défauts dus au séchage
Drying Defects: Risk of warping.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-9
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.6
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
858
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
114612
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
507
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
63
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
74
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
393
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
498
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Rabotage
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulurage
Easy; no particular problems.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Easy; no particular problems.
Mortaisage
Easy; no particular problems.
Clouage
No particular problem.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Cintrage à la vapeur
This species can be used for steam bending.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
No particular problems.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces (de placage)
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
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