TIAMA (Entandrophragma excelsum)
Nom commercial
Tiama
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Entandrophragma excelsum Sprague
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Gedur-nohor (Nigeria); Edinam (Ghana); Tiama (Côte d`Ivoire); Umuyoke (Burkina Faso); Gedur-nohor (United Kingdom); Tiama-mahagoni (Germany); Acuminata (Germany); M'vovo (Zaire); Lifaki (Zaire); Abeubegne (Gabon); Dongomanguila (Equatorial Guinea); Kiluka (Congo); Mukusu (Uganda); Livuite (Angola); Acuminata (Angola); Tiama
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Entandrophragma speciosum Harms in Mildbr.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The tree may reach a height of 45 m, with a trunk diameter up to 130 cm. The bole is up to 26 m in length. The buttresses are generally strongly developed and extending up to 5 m.
Habitat naturel
Entandrophragma excelsum is chiefly found in montane forests.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation pl Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent unilateral paratracheal. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
-
Vue macroscopique du bois (plan radiale)
-
Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is whitish or pinkish, it has a thickness of 10 cm. The heartwood is red-brown, darkening slightly on exposure, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Texture
The wood is reported to be frequently medium textured.
Luster
It is reported to be low in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is resistant
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
6
Tensions internes de croissance
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Résistance à l'imprégnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.46
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.50
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
9.5
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
4.3
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: The timber seasons moderately slowly with slight degrade. Boards of 15 mm thick take about 3.5 months to air dry. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed for Keledang.
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
FR-9
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
2.2
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
701
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
104159
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
428
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
50
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
41
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
301
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
403
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
It is easy to saw.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Placage tranche
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Effet d'émoussement
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Usinage
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Rabotage
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulurage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Mortaisage
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Clouage
No particular problem.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Cintrage à la vapeur
This species can be used for steam bending.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
No particular problems.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pouters
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Solives
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Marches
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces (de placage)
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Placage tranché
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornements
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Ornements
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires_ponts
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port entreposage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Please Provide Information To View Producer Information