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TSANA (Blighia sapida)
Nom commercial
Tsana
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Blighia sapida Koen.
Famille
SAPINDACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Ukpe (Nigeria); Ishin (Nigeria); Akee (Ghana); Kaha (Côte d`Ivoire); Ngwin (Gabon); Ekom (Gabon); Akee (Cameroon); Ukpi nufwa; Ukpe rerhen; Ukpe agbana; Ukpe; Takwadua; Sugo; Savory akee apple; Sago; Peso; Pehega; Otusi; Okwocha; Okpu; Ntokwaw; Ntokwa; Ndamba; Kiidatso; Kidatso; Kidateo; Keka; Kake; Kaka; Jokomi; Islii; Ishin-oka; Ishin; Ilipa; Ila; Hatei; Gwanje-kusa; Guruguru; Finzan; Feso; Chira; Baza; Ayigbe atia; Awai; Atsia; Atsa; Ankye-fufuo; Ankye; Alale; Akyea; Akye-fufu; Akye; Aki; Akee apple; Akaa; Adzo; Adza; Adja; Abikotor; Abale; Tsana
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
The bole is up to 16 m in length, straight and cylindrical, with diameters up to 130 cm. The tree presents 6 or 7 short buttresses.
Habitat naturel
Répartition naturelle
West and Central Africa, from Senegal to Gabon.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Occasionally white deposits in heartwood vessels. Tyloses thin walled. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (ra Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Teinte
The sapwood is white. The heartwood is brown orange, it is clearly demarcated.
Grain
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
Medium texture is reported in this species.
Luster
Luster is usually low.
Durabilité naturelle
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attack
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
3
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.60
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.66
Défauts dus au séchage
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
696
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
164916
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
470
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
57
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
539
Dureté Janka (extrémités) 12%TH (kgf)
640
OUVRABILITÉ
Coupe de placage de déroulage
Not suitable for veneering.
Placage tranche
Not suitable for veneering.
Effet d'émoussement
Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.
Rabotage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulurage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Tournage
30
Perçage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortaisage
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Clouage
Pre-boring is necessary.
Collage
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Ponçage
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polissage
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Compatibilité avec outils manuels
Working with hand tools is difficult.
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, parquet, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Accessoires en bois
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Armoires
- 24 - Empire Timbers
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
SPORTS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_manches
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
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