ACAJOU D`AFRIQUE (Khaya grandifoliola)
Nome comercial
Acajou d`Afrique
Nome científico (autor)
Khaya grandifoliola C.DC.
Família
MELIACEAE
Nomes comuns
Benin Mahogany (Nigeria); Acajou Grandes Feuilles (Côte d`Ivoire); Acajou grandes feuilles (France); Heavy African Mahogany (United Kingdom); Eri Kire (Uganda); Wausauwah; Wansanwa; Upono; Trio; Tido; Tiama-tiama; Senegal mahogany; Ono; Oganwo; Odupon; Oduben; Odala; Obon; Murraya; Munyama; Mario; Male; Loukrou; Krubna; Kruba; Khaya mahogany; Homraya; Heavy African mahogany; Gagaliga; Gadeau; Eri; Dumanami; Dukuma; Dukru; Dubini; Dirinshi; Diki; Digiten; Bogu; Big leaf mahogany; Benin mahogany; Asamogo; Appapayi; Apenkwa; Akor; African mahogany; Acajou; Bandoro (Sudan); Eri kiree (Uganda); Ogwango (Nigeria); Akuk (Nigeria); Diala-iri (Ghana); Acajou d`Afrique
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Khaya kerstingii Engl.; Khaya grandis Stapf
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
The tree reaches a height of 32 to 40 m, with trunk diameters from 100 to 150 cm. The bole is usually twisted or crooked with low branching. Log is banned for international trading.(Cameroon)
Habitat natural
Khaya grandifoliola is often found in the fringe between the rain forest and the savanna. National conservation status in Benin V, Cote d`Ivoire V.
Distribuição natural
West tropical Africa from the Guinea Coast to Cameroon and extending eastward through the Congo basin to Uganda and parts of Sudan.
Existência de plantações?
Tested and planted in some African countries. In most cases, mixed plantations with other species (Niangon, Okoume, Bilinga). The duration of the rotation is 40 years, to reach 60 cm in diameter.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plat Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto de madeira macroscópica (tangencial)
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Foto da secção transversal microscopica
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Odor ou Cheiro
Light and pleasant odor.
Cor
The sapwood is creamy white to yellowish white, it has a thickness of 5 cm. The heartwood is pink to light red brown, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Indice de cor
3
Grã
The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
The wood is reported to be frequently medium textured.
Brilho
It is reported to be low in luster.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heart
Indice de durabilidade natural
3
Tensões internas do crescimento
Residual stresses are reported to be absent.
Conteúdo de sílica
Silica Content: Silica content is negligible. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Tratamento preservativo
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.60
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.66
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
5.6
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
4.3
Programa de secagem recomendável
FR-6
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
1.3
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
905
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
123690
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
561
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
72
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
86
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
536
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
637
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
It is easy to saw.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Aplainamento
Easy; no particular problems.
Aplicação para molduras
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Torneamento
30
Furação
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
No particular problem.
Colagem
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Lixamento
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Steam Bending
Steam bending is difficult.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
No particular problems.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, boat deck, port storage
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Vigotas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Degraus de escada
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Painéis
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Acessórios de madeira
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Móveis finos
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Lâminas de superfície das chapas
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Lâminas decorativas
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneamento
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Artigos torneados
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Artigos torneados
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUÇÃO NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Barcos
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Casco para barcos
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
Coberta para barcos
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port Storage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
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