GRENADILLE AFRIQUE (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
Nome comercial
Grenadille Afrique
Nome científico (autor)
Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. et Perr.
Família
LEGUMINOSAE
Nomes comuns
Ebene (Senegal); African Grenadillo (United Kingdom); Afrikanisches Grenadill (Germany); Umbambangwe; Tareh; Shami; Senegal ebony; Samachi; Rugbe; Rit; Red; Poyi; Pingo; Opo; Murwiti; Munhowe; Mumhingwe; Mukudziti; Muhati; Mugweze; Mufulamamba; Mozambique ebony; Motangu; Lurr; Funiti; East African blackwood; Driedoring; Did; Chiku; Chella; Cape damson; Bokango; Black botany bay wood; Begboio; Babanus; African ebony; Afrikanisches grenadille (Germany); Ebene du mozambique (France); African grenadillo African grenadillo (United Kingdom); African blackwood (United Kingdom); Mukelete (Zimbabwe); Banbanus (Sudan); Mufunjo (Uganda); Mpingo (Tanzania); Grenadilla (Mozambique); Pau-Preto (Mozambique); Mukelete (Reunion); Mugembe (Tanzania); Grenadille Afrique
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Amerimnon melanoxylon (Guill. & Perr.) Kuntze
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
The tree is much branched, usually multi-stemmed and small, 5 to 8 m in height, sometimes as much as 16 m. The bole is short, cylindrical, often fluted and rarely over 30 cm in diameter.
Habitat natural
Dalbergia melanoxylon occurs on a wide variety of sites from sea level to 1,050 m of altitude.
Distribuição natural
East and Central Africa, from Sudan to Mozambique, to Angola, and to Senegal.
Usos não madeiravéis
Contains some resins or extracts which could pose problems when machining or finishing.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood semi-ring porous and/or ring porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abund Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto de madeira macroscópica (tangencial)
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Foto da secção transversal microscopica
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Cor
The sapwood is yellowish white. The heartwood is dark purple-brown with black streaks, it is sharply demarcated.
Indice de cor
1
Grã
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
This wood has a somewhat fine texture.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Indice de durabilidade natural
1
Tensões internas do crescimento
No growth stresses are reported in this species.
Tratamento preservativo
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
1.07
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
1.29
Defeitos causados pela secagem
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning of Resak is reported to be moderately slow. Boards of 25 mm thick take about 2.5 months to dry from 35% to 15% moisture content. Drying Defects: Risk of warping, checking and deformation.
Programa de secagem recomendável
FR-13
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
1650
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
206458
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
729
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
103
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
2123
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
1903
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Not suitable for veneering.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Not suitable for veneering.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Aplainamento
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Aplicação para molduras
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Furação
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
Pre-boring is necessary.
Colagem
Difficult to glue because of the extracts content.
Lixamento
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
Working with hand tools is difficult.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Acessórios de madeira
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
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