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RAMIN (Gonystylus bancanus)
Nome comercial
Ramin
Nome científico (autor)
Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz
Família
Thymeleaceae
Nomes comuns
Sepetis; Salasa-ai; Pandit; Panaguraring; Nangkaon; Manggasinoro; Malanangka; Malanagka; Malagopinai; Mala-apdo; Lanutan-bagio; Gisok-puti; Gisok-babae; Garu buaja; Claro; Busilak; Badiako; Asana; Ahmin; Garu buaya (Indonesia); Ainunura (Solomon Islands); Melawis (United Kingdom); Fungunigalo (Solomon Islands); Ramin (Indonesia); Gaharu buaya (Indonesia); Ramin (Borneo); Lanutan bagio (Philippines); Ramin (Sweden); Ramin batu (Malaysia); Ramin telur (Sarawak); Garu-buaja (Indonesia); Akenia (Indonesia); Medang keram (Indonesia); Lantunan-bagio (Philippines); Latareko (Solomon Islands); Ramin (Netherlands); Melawis (United States of America); Ramin (Italy); Ramin (Spain); Ramin (France); Ramin (United States of America); Ramin (United Kingdom); Petata (Solomon Islands); Melawis (Malaysia); Ramin (Germany)
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree of up to 40 m tall. The bole is cylindrical, up to120 cm in diameter but usually less, sometimes slightly fluted at the base, with many knee-roots.
Habitat natural
A gregarious, often dominant, tree of lowland freshwater swamp and peat-swamp forest. It is known or inferred that the harvesting of specimens from the wild for international trade has, or may have, a detrimental impact on the species by EITHER. Exceendin
Distribuição natural
It can be found in peat swamp forests of Malaya through parts of Sumatra, west coast of Borneo, and the Philippines.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels in tangential pattern. Vessel clusters common. Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vascular/vasicentric tracheides present. Occasionally helical thickenings in vessel elements present. Simple perforation p Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally axial parenchyma aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma confluent unilateral paratracheal. Two cells per parenchyma strand. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Occ Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Rays of two distinct sizes. Ray height more than 1 mm. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Sheath cells. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
CITES II
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Odor ou Cheiro
It has an unpleasant odor when fresh.
Cor
The sapwood is hardly distinguishable, yellowish. The heartwood is yellowish when fresh, after exposure it fades to whitish yellow.
Indice de cor
6
Grã
It is very straight, uniform.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
The texture is medium coarse, long drawn out veins often contain dark deposits.
Brilho
The wood surface is slightly lustrous.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
It is perishable and very susceptible to blue stain, rapid insect infestation is also reported.
Indice de durabilidade natural
5
Conteúdo de sílica
Silica Content: Silica is absent. Silica Value: 0
Tratamento preservativo
The timber is treatable with preservatives.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.60
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.67
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
9.8
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
4.3
Defeitos causados pela secagem
Ease of Drying: Boards of 13 mm and 38 mm thick take respectively 3-4 months and 4.5-5 months to air dry. Drying Defects: Degrade during seasoning is mainly due to insect attack and blue stain. There is risk of end-checking.
Programa de secagem recomendável
UK-C; US-T3-C2; JP-9
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
2.3
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
1313
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
157350
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
667
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
95
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
449
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
380
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
Wood of this species is easy to cut.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Good veneer can be produced at a peeling angle of 92.5 degrees without pretreatment, but mild soaking in hot water renders peeling easier.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Good veneer can be produced at a peeling angle of 92.5 degrees without pretreatment, but mild soaking in hot water renders peeling easier.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
Machining operations are reported to be easy but sharp cutters are needed.
Aplainamento
Planing is reported to be easy.
Aplicação para molduras
Molding operations are rather easy.
Torneamento
30
Furação
Boring is reported to be fair to difficult.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
It is easy to mortise.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
Risk of splitting when nailing, pre-boring is recommended.
Colagem
This species is easy to glue.
Lixamento
It has a good sanding behavior.
Acabamento
Finishing of this wood gives good results.
Aplicação de verniz
Staining of this wood is easy.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
This species is reported to be easy to polish.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
This species is reported to be easy to work with hand tools.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, cutlery, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, coffin, moldings
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Painéis
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Torneamento
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Cabo de faca
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
FERRAMENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
PALETES PARA EMBALAGENS
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Artesanato
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Ataúde
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molduras de quadros
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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