SIPO (Entandrophragma utile)
Nome comercial
Sipo
Nome científico (autor)
Entandrophragma utile Sprague
Família
MELIACEAE
Nomes comuns
Sipo (Côte d`Ivoire); Sipo-Mahagony (Germany); Kalungi (Zaire); Undianuno; Tsimaie tshibu; Tshimaie n`shibu; Timbi; Sapele mahogany; Muyovu; Mufumbi mahogany; Mfumbi; Mebrou; M`vovo; Libuyu; Feather sapele; Efuobrodidwo; Efuo-konkonti; Efuchyewee; Budongo heavy mahogany; Bokoi; Akuk; Afrobrodiju; Kosi-kosi (Gabon); Assie (Cameroon); Okeong (Nigeria); Efuodwe (Ghana); Sipo-mahagoni (Germany); Utile (United Kingdom); Mufumbi (Uganda); Kalungi (Angola); Liboyo (Zaire); Assi (Gabon); Abebay (Equatorial Guinea); Asseng-assie (Cameroon); Utile (Nigeria); Utile (Ghana); Sipo
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Pseudocedrella utilis Dawe & Sprague; Pseudocedrela utilis Dawe & Sprague; Entandrophragma roburoides Vermoes.; Entandrophragma macrocarpum A. Chev.
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
The tree grows to a height of more than 50 m, with trunk diameter above up to 200 cm. The bole is straight, cylindrical and clear to 32 m, occasionally fluted. Log is banned for international trading.(Cameroon)
Habitat natural
Entandrophragma utile grows in moist deciduous primary forests, dry subtypes and transitional formations. There are protected populations and felling limits in various countries. National conservation status in Cote d`Ivoire V, Liberia E.
Distribuição natural
West and Central Africa.
Existência de plantações?
It is a long rotation species for plantation. Best results are obtained in evergreen dense forests in comparison with plantations in semi-deciduous forest.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation pl Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchy 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto de madeira macroscópica (tangencial)
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Foto da secção transversal microscopica
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Cor
The sapwood is pinkish white, it has a thickness of 2 to 6 cm. The heartwood is red brown, slightly purplish, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is medium.
Indice de cor
4
Grã
The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
Texture is reported to be fine to medium.
Brilho
It is reported to be moderate in luster.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
Because of its variable resistance it is considered as moderately durable to decay. Without treatment, it can be used when risks of occasional re-humidification; it is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Moderately
Indice de durabilidade natural
4
Tensões internas do crescimento
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Conteúdo de sílica
Silica Content: Negligible contents of silica are found in timber of this species. Amounts over 0.05% may affect the wood processing. Silica Value: 0.02
Tratamento preservativo
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.56
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.62
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
6.4
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
4.6
Defeitos causados pela secagem
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Programa de secagem recomendável
FR-6
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
1.4
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
930
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
134984
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
568
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
74
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
74
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
469
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
573
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
It is easy to saw.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Aplainamento
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Aplicação para molduras
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Torneamento
30
Furação
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
No particular problem.
Colagem
Difficult to glue because of the extracts content.
Lixamento
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Steam Bending
Steam bending is difficult.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
No particular problems.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Vigotas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Degraus de escada
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Painéis
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Acessórios de madeira
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Móveis finos
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Lâminas de superfície das chapas
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Lâminas decorativas
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneamento
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Artigos torneados
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Artigos torneados
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
CONSTRUÇÃO NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Barcos
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Casco para barcos
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
Coberta para barcos
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port Storage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Molduras de quadros
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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