TALI (Erythrophleum suaveolens)
Nome comercial
Tali
Nome científico (autor)
Erythrophleum suaveolens Brenan
Família
LEGUMINOSAE
Nomes comuns
Tali (Guinea); Alui (Côte d`Ivoire); Elondo (Spain); Elondo (Portugal); Elone (Gabon); N'kassa (Congo); Eloun (Cameroon); Muave (Zambia); Tsa; Teli; Telehi; Tehi; Talo; Tali y roble africano; Sassy bark; Sangay; Sahi; Sachi; Red water tree; Peli; Ovinyin; Orhue; Ordeal tree; Orachi; Oginyi; Oginni; Odiodi; Nko; Nkassa; Ngogbei; Ndom; Mumara; Mkola; Mkelekele; Mkarati; Meli; Mbele; Mbaraka; Manconi; Macone; Kwon; Kulenten; Kokudabo; Koe-kon; Kekeu; Keke-au; Kbande; Ka-kontha; Jru; Jallin baro; Ipomi; Inyin; Inyi; Ifwon; Idip; Gwaska; Guilutu; Guhie; Gue; Gogwi; Gbangba-gbende; Etsa; Erun obo; Erui-alui; Erui; Erue; Elun; Elui; Elon; Ellong; Elegue-muani; Digpende; Burene; Bungoro; Buirane; Buirame; Boutite; Bolondo; Betomo; Betiche; Bentabe; Baska; Baier; Atsa; Atiuhia; Atiemia; Arue; Alui; Akwir; Akpa etuidiwi; Akpa; Adjuga; Abawa; Aba; A-kon; Missanda (United Kingdom); Muave (Zaire); Mwavi (Tanzania); Missanda (Mozambique); Kassa (Zaire); N`kassa (Congo); Elondo (Equatorial Guinea); Eloun (Gabon); Elone (Cameroon); Sasswood (Nigeria); Erun (Nigeria); Potrodom (Ghana); Mancone (Guinea-Bissau); Gogbei (Sierra Leone); Tali (Senegal); Tali (Côte d`Ivoire)
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Fillaea suaveolens Guill. & Perr.; Erythrophleum guineense G. Don
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
The tree is up to 30 to 45 in height, with a bole length of 10 to 16 m, usually irregular, often buttressed. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 150 cm.
Habitat natural
Erythrophleum suaveolens occurs in moist forests, dense dry forests and along riverbanks.
Distribuição natural
West, Central and East Africa, mainly in Guinea, Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto de madeira macroscópica (tangencial)
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Foto da secção transversal microscopica
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Cor
The sapwood is yellowish white to pinkish white, it has a thickness of 3 to 6 cm. The heartwood is yellow-brown to red brown, darkening on exposure, it is clearly demarcated.
Indice de cor
4
Grã
The grain is highly and systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
The texture of the wood is frequently coarse.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Indice de durabilidade natural
1
Tensões internas do crescimento
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Conteúdo de sílica
Silica Content: Negligible content of silica is reported. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Tratamento preservativo
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.83
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.96
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
10.5
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
5.7
Defeitos causados pela secagem
Ease of Drying: Drying is slow but without difficulties. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Programa de secagem recomendável
FR-13
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
1.8
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
1181
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
133923
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
801
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
116
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
88
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
1148
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
1167
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Not suitable for veneering.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Not suitable for veneering.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported. It is recommended to use special tools for cutting.
Aplainamento
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Aplicação para molduras
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Furação
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
Pre-boring is necessary.
Colagem
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Lixamento
Difficult to obtain very good results because of interlocked grain.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
Needs pre-coating.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
Working with hand tools is difficult.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, paling, stakes posts, crossarms, crossties, piers, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring
EXTERIOR
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Pontes
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Postes de energia
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Ripas para cercas
- 4 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas da bicuiba
Postes para cercas
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Cruzetas
- 7 - Maderas latinoamericanas. II, Quercus alata Q. costaricensis y Q. eugeniaefolia
Dormentes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
Pilar
- 9 - Maderas latinoamericanas. IV, Nectandra sp. Ocotea austinii, Persea sp. aff. vesticula, Persea schiedeana
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Vigotas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquets
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Carroceria de caminhão
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos para assoalho de trem
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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