TOLA (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum)
Nome comercial
Tola
Nome científico (autor)
Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum Harms
Família
LEGUMINOSAE
Nomes comuns
Otabo (Nigeria); Agba (Nigeria); Otabo (United Kingdom); Agba (United Kingdom); Tola branca (Germany); Agba (Germany); Tola (Zaire); N'tola (Zaire); Emolo (Gabon); Tola (Congo); N'tola (Congo); Sinedon (Cameroon); White tola; Tshibudimbu tshitoke; Pink mahogany; Okimeten; Ntola; Nigerian cedar; Mutsekamambole; Mushilu mutoke; Mupaka; Mpere; Mpele; Moboron; Mboron; Loshi-erin; Emonga; Ditchipi; Dembo; Boana; Agbara; Achi-aro; Achi; N`tola (Zaire); Tola branca (Angola); Tola blanc (Zimbabwe); Tola blanc (Congo); Emongi (Nigeria); Egba (Nigeria); Agba; Tola
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Pterygopodium balsamiferum Vermoesen
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
The tree reaches a height of more than 50 m, with trunk diameters up to 170 or even 200 cm. The bole is clear and straight to 26 to 30 m in length and more.
Habitat natural
Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum grows in mature little-disturbed lowland rainforest. It is known or inferred that the harvesting of specimens from the wild for international trade has, or may have, a detrimental impact on the species by EITHER. Exceending
Distribuição natural
West and Central Africa, from Nigeria to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Usos não madeiravéis
Contains some resins or extracts which could pose problems when machining or finishing.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent).
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Foto de madeira macroscópica (tangencial)
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Foto da secção transversal microscopica
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Odor ou Cheiro
Peppered odor.
Cor
The sapwood is whitish, it has a thickness of 10 cm. The heartwood is pinkish yellow-brown, darkening on exposure, it is not clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine.
Indice de cor
5
Grã
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
The texture is typically medium to coarse.
Brilho
It is reported to be low in luster.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
Because of its variable resistance it is considered as moderately durable to decay. Without treatment, it can be used when risks of occasional re-humidification; it is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to
Indice de durabilidade natural
4
Tensões internas do crescimento
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Tratamento preservativo
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.48
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.52
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
5.4
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
2.4
Defeitos causados pela secagem
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: Risks of casehardening and checks Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Programa de secagem recomendável
FR-1
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
2.3
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/KD_French.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
754
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
111290
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
408
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
47
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
69
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
326
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
429
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
It is easy to saw.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
Suitable for slicing and peeling.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
Suitable for slicing and peeling.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Aplainamento
Easy; no particular problems.
Aplicação para molduras
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Furação
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Fresagem_ranhura_canais
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
No particular problem.
Colagem
Difficult to glue because of the extracts content.
Lixamento
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Operação de lustre da superfície (brilho)
Needs pre-coating.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
No particular problems.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, door core, shingle, coffin, moldings
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Vigotas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Degraus de escada
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Painéis
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Acessórios de madeira
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Persianas
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Móveis comuns
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Lâminas de superfície das chapas
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Lâminas decorativas
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
PALETES PARA EMBALAGENS
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Caixotaria pesada
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Paletes
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
CONSTRUÇÃO NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Coberta para barcos
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port Storage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Alma de porta
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
Ataúde
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molduras de quadros
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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