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ACAJOU CAILCEDRAT (Khaya senegalensis)
Trade Name
Acajou Cailcedrat
Scientific Name
Khaya senegalensis A.Juss.
Family
MELIACEAE
Common Names
Dialo (Senegal); Cailcedrat (Senegal); Cailcedrat (Mali); Bissilom (Guinea-Bissau); Diala (Guinea); Cailcedrat (Côte d`Ivoire); Bissilongo (Côte d`Ivoire); Acajou bissilom (Côte d`Ivoire); Djala (Burkina Faso); Cailcedrat (Burkina Faso); Acajou cailcedrat (Benin); Acajou du behr (Sudan); Tit; Tiro; Tido; Senga mahogany; Senegal mahogany; Ono; Okpe; Oganwo; Murraya; Mario; Madwachi; Madachi; Loko; Logo; Kuntunkuri; Kuka; Kuga; Korobaa; Koko; Koka; Kiree; Kirai; Kierr; Kheiri; Khaya wood; Khaya mahogany; Kahi; Kagam; Homraya; Haemu; Ha; Guinea mahogany; Gadeau; Frimu; Eri; Dry zone mahogany; Delehi; Cail cedrat; Bogu; Bisslongo; Bissilongo; Bisselon; Benin mahogany; Bele; Bandora; Alor; Agwanwo; African mahogany; Acajou du Senegal; Acajou cail cedrat; Abudu ono; Bandoro (Sudan); Eri kiree (Uganda); Ogwango (Nigeria); Akuk (Nigeria); Diala-iri (Ghana); Cailcedrat
Scientific Name Synonyms
Swietenia senegalensis Desr.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 32 to 40 m. The bole is usually twisted or crooked with low branching. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 150 cm.
Natural Habitat
Khaya senegalensis is often found in the fringe between the rain forest and the savanna. National conservation status in Benin V.
Natural Distribution
West tropical Africa from the Guinea Coast to Cameroon and extending eastward through the Congo basin to Uganda and parts of Sudan.
Plantations Available?
Tested and planted in some African countries. In most cases, mixed plantations with other species (Niangon, Okoume, Bilinga). The duration of the rotation is 40 years, to reach 60 cm in diameter.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Brown-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plat Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Occasionally rays storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is slightly paler than the heartwood, it has a thickness of 2.5 to 5 cm. The heartwood is pink-brown, darkening to a deep red-brown color, with a purplish tinge, it is clearly demarcated.
Grain
It has highly interlocked grain; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
Texture
This wood has a somewhat medium texture.
Luster
This wood is commonly of low luster.
Natural Durability
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heart
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Internal Growth Stresses
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Silica Content
Silica Content: It is reported to have a negligible amount of silica. Contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01
Resistance To Impregnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.69
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.78
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.9
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air drying is reported as good with little or no degrade.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-6
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
879
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
118791
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
550
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
70
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
91
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
757
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
838
Workability
Sawing
It is moderately easy to saw.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for slicing.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for slicing.
Blunting Effect
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Machining
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Turning
30
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Lasts
- 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boat Decking
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port Storage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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