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BERANGAN (Castanopsis acuminatissima)
Trade Name
Berangan
Scientific Name
Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC.
Family
FAGACEAE
Common Names
Berangan (Malaysia); New Guinea Oak (Papua New Guinea); Thite (Myanmar); Katia (Myanmar); Korcas (Thailand); Saninten (Indonesia); Malayan chestnut (Sabah); Kata (Sabah); Caoi (Vietnam)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Quercus carlesii Hemsl.; Castanopsis longispicata Hu; Castanopsis hamata M.S. Duan; Castanopsis carlesii (Hemsl.) Hayata
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 36 m tall. The bole is often coppicing, up to 90 cm in diameter. The buttresses are up to 2 m high.
Natural Habitat
It occurs in primary or old secondary forests, often on loamy sandy soils, at a range of 300 to 2,500 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma reticulate. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma stran 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent).
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
The freshly-sawn material has a tannin-like smell.
Color
The sapwood is light brown, it is often with greenish tinge. The heartwood is sharply differentiated brown to reddish brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
It is reasonably straight, occasionally interlocked.
Texture
The texture is from medium to coarse with dark deposits in ducts.
Natural Durability
It is reported as non durable to moderately durable.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Silica Content
Silica Content: This timber is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The sapwood is permeable, the heartwood resistant to the preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.52
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.57
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.1
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air drying is rated as good.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
968
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
157486
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
581
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
107
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
408
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this wood is reported to be easy to fair.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Slices and peels well when steamed. The veneer can be glued with urea-formaldehyde, producing plywood complying with the German standard.
Sliced Veneer
Slices and peels well when steamed. The veneer can be glued with urea-formaldehyde, producing plywood complying with the German standard.
Machining
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Planing
Planing is easy to moderately easy. Careful planing is needed to obtain a good finishing.
Moulding
Molding operations are reported as good to fair.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be easy to fair.
Mortising
Mortising operations are rated as easy to fair.
Nailing
It can split on nailing, pre-boring is recommended.
Gluing
It has a good behavior in gluing.
Sanding
The response of this species in sanding is good to fair.
Finishing
With some care it gives a good finish.
Coatings
It is easy to paint or varnish.
Polishing
When polish is applied a fine and beautiful silver-grain figure often becomes visible.
Response To Hand Tools
It has a good response to hand tools.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, pallets, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shingle
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
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