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BOMANGA (Brachystegia mildbraedii)

Trade Name

Bomanga

Scientific Name

Brachystegia mildbraedii Harms

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Bomanga (France); Ariella (for sliced veneers) (France); Ariella (for sliced veneers) (United Kingdom); Ekop-Léké (Cameroon); Ekop-Evène (Cameroon); Zingara; Zebrawood; Zebrano; Mzang; Evene; Ekop evene; Ariellia; Nzang (Gabon); Ariella (United Kingdom); Ariella (France); Bomanga (Zaire); Yegna (Gabon)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Cynometra pachycarpa A. Chev.; Brachystegia nzang Pellegr.

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 35 m, with a trunk diameter up to 150 cm. The bole is straight and cylindrical. The shape is variable, sometimes with slight swelling or low buttresses.

Natural Habitat

Brachystegia mildbraedii occurs in dense rain forests.

Natural Distribution

Cameroon and Gabon.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and s Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is yellowish white, it has a thickness of 10 to 15 cm. The heartwood is light brown to copper brown, it is clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine (barely visible).

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.

Texture

Texture is reported to be medium to coarse.

Natural Durability

Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Moderately resistant to termites attack

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

3

Internal Growth Stresses

Residual stresses are reported to be absent.

Resistance To Impregnation

Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.52

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.56

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

6.1

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.8

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: The timber air dries fairly rapidly with little or no degrade. Boards 2.5 cm thick take about 1.5 months to air drying from green to 15% moisture content. Drying Defects: Care is needed to prevent blue stain. Kiln Schedules: For kiln drying from green to 20% moisture content a temperature of 57 to 76.5 degrees and corresponding relative humidity of 80% to 40% is recommended.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

FR-7

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

813

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

120177

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

505

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

63

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

66

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

387

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

491

Workability

Sawing

It is easy to saw.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Suitable for slicing and peeling.

Sliced Veneer

Suitable for slicing and peeling.

Blunting Effect

Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.

Machining

Machining of this species is reportedly easy.

Planing

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Moulding

Easy; no particular problems.

Turning

30

Boring

Easy; no particular problems.

Mortising

Easy; no particular problems.

Nailing

No particular problem.

Gluing

Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Needs pre-coating.

Response To Hand Tools

No particular problems.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, CONTAINERS, cooperage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, door core, coffin, cementboard

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
  • 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
  • 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
  • 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
  • 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
  • 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Decorative veneer
  • 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
  • 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
  • 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Cooperage
  • 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Door Cores
  • 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Coffin
  • 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Cementboard
  • 81 - Madeiras da Amazônia: descrição do lenho de 40 espécies ocorrentes na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós

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