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CAIMITILLO (Chrysophyllum cainito)

Trade Name

Caimitillo

Scientific Name

Chrysophyllum cainito L.

Family

SAPOTACEAE

Common Names

Teta de burro; Sterappel; Star apple; Satinleaf; Saffrontree; Pomme surette; Massaranduba; Maduraverde; Lechecillo; Kaimit; Guayabillo; Golden leaf; Cainitier; Cainit; Caimo morado; Caimo; Caimitier; Caimite marron; Caimite; Apra; Aguay; Caimito (Mexico); Cainito (Brazil); Caimito Serrano (Venezuela); Caimito (Venezuela); Balata Blanca (Peru); Caimito (Peru); Caimito (Colombia); Caimitillo (Ecuador)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Cynodendron bicolor (Poir.) Baehni; Chrysophyllum bonplandii Klotzsch ex Miq.; Chrysophyllum bicolor Poir.; Cainito pomiferum Tussac

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a dominant tree, it attains heights of 40 m, with a diameter at breast height of 70 cm in the average, occasionally up to 100 cm. The bole is cylindrical, with low buttresses.

Natural Habitat

Chrysophyllum cainito natural growth range is tropical America, found in primary forests in a wide range of habitats.

Natural Distribution

It is reported from Mexico to Bolivia.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Tyloses sclerotic. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Siliceous bodies in the axial parenchyma cells. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Non-septate fibers. Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

The wood has no specific odor or taste.

Color

The sapwood is light brown, the heartwood is reddish brown color.

Grain

The grain is reported to be straight or interlocked.

Texture

Fine texture is reported in this species.

Luster

This wood is commonly of moderate luster.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

5

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.80

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.92

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

6.6

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.2

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

UK-E; JUNAC-A

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

2.1

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1414

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

161000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

813

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

124

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

1249

Workability

Machining

The timber of Chrysophyllum is not difficult to work.

Finishing

This species is reported to give a smooth finish.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
  • 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
  • 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
  • 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Molding
  • 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão

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