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CARBONERO (Licania campestre)

Trade Name

Carbonero

Scientific Name

Licania campestre

Family

CHRYSOBALANACEAE

Common Names

Gouepi (Guyana); Icaquillo (Cuba); Caripé (Brazil); Icaquito (Venezuela); Carbonero (Peru); Cenizo (Colombia); Carbonero (Colombia)

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

Some variation is reported according to the location, but it is often about 20 m or more in height. The diameter over the buttresses is 70 cm, with commercial heights of 18 m.

Natural Habitat

This species occurs in the tropical rain forests of America.

Natural Distribution

It is reported in Cuba, Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia and Peru.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vascular/vasicentric tracheides present. Simple perfora Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

It has a typical smell.

Color

The sapwood is pale brown, the heartwood gradually changes into pink color.

Grain

The direction of the grain is straight to slightly interlocked.

Texture

The wood is mostly coarse in texture.

Luster

Timber of this species is moderate in luster.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

5

Silica Content

Silica Content: It is reported to have a high silica content which may cause a moderate to severe blunting effect while processing the wood. Silica Value: 1

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.68

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.76

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

9.5

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

6.1

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: It is reported to air dry at a moderate rate. Drying Defects: Slight checking and warping.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

JUNAC-A

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1118

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

143000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

566

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

101

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

117

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

620

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

681

Workability

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, frames, shutter boards, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, SPORTS, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Shutter Boards
  • 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Sports
  • 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
  • 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.

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