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DAO (Dracontomelon dao)

Trade Name

Dao

Scientific Name

Dracontomelon dao Merrill & Rolfe

Family

ANACARDIACEAE

Common Names

Dahu besar daum (Indonesia); Sengkuang (Malaysia); Sengkuang (Sabah); Sengkuang (Sarawak); Dahu (Indonesia); Sengkuang (Borneo); Mon (Papua New Guinea); New Guinea walnut (Papua New Guinea); Sarunsab (Sabah); Unkawang (Sarawak); Sengkuang (Malaysia); Maliyan (Philippines); Basuong (Indonesia); Ka-kho (Thailand); Sengkuang (Indonesia); Basuong (West Irian); Dao (Philippines); Sang-kuan (Thailand)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Dracontomelon sylvestre Blume; Dracontomelon puberulum Blume; Dracontomelon mangiferum Blume; Dracontomelon edule (Balnco) Skeels

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a large tree up to 45 m tall. The bole is branchless for up to 20 m, up to 100 cm in diameter, with narrow buttresses up to 6 m high.

Natural Habitat

Dao occurs in primary or secondary evergreen to semideciduous forests, from the sea level up to 500 m of altitude.

Natural Distribution

It is widely distributed in lowland New Guinea, New Britain and New Ireland as well as in the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

It has no taste or odor.

Color

The sapwood is pale yellow, clearly defined. The heartwood is walnut brown, grayish-or greenish-yellow.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

The grain may be straight or interlocked.

Texture

Texture is reported to be medium to coarse.

Luster

This species is moderate in luster.

Natural Durability

This timber is not resistant to termite or marine borer attack.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

3

Internal Growth Stresses

Tension wood is sometimes present, giving rise to a slight woolly surface on sawn material.

Silica Content

Silica Content: It is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0

Resistance To Impregnation

The penetration of both sapwood and heartwood by preservatives evident is unsatisfactory.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.60

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.66

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

7.9

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

4.0

Drying Defects

Drying Defects: It is reported that in seasoning the wood is liable to sap-stain and is subject to insect attack.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

JP-25

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

2.0

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1029

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

127986

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

510

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

92

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

112

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

513

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

569

Workability

Sawing

It is easy unless hindered by interlocked grain.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

It is useful as decorative veneer, and is easy to peel without pretreatment at a peeling angle of 91 degrees for 1.5-mm thick veneer.

Sliced Veneer

It is useful as decorative veneer, and is easy to peel without pretreatment at a peeling angle of 91 degrees for 1.5-mm thick veneer.

Machining

Machining is easy if interlocked grain is not excessive.

Planing

Planing of this species is reported to be easy.

Turning

30

Nailing

This wood is easy to nail.

Gluing

Gluing of this species is easy.

Finishing

Wood of this species is easy to finish.

Polishing

This species is reported to be easy to polish.

Response To Hand Tools

It is easy to work with hand tools.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, moldings

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
  • 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
  • 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Other & Musical Instruments
  • 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
  • 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Molding
  • 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão

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