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EKABA (Tetraberlinia tubmaniana)

Trade Name

Ekaba

Scientific Name

Tetraberlinia tubmaniana J.Leon.

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Hoh (Liberia); Ekaba (Spain); Eko-andoung (France); Eko-andoung (Gabon); Akaba (Spain); Tetraberlinia (United Kingdom); Ekop (Netherlands); Ekop (Germany); Eko-abdoung (Gabon); Ekop (Equatorial Guinea); Ekop-ribi (Cameroon); Gola (Liberia); Sikon (Liberia); Ekaba

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 32 to 50 m. The bole is cylindrical, straight and clear to 23 m in length, buttressed. The trunk diameter attains 130 cm.

Natural Habitat

Tetraberlinia tubmaniana is a lowland forest timber species endemic to Liberia. It occurs in evergreen rain forests, often in large concentrations.

Natural Distribution

West Africa, reportedly only in Liberia.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits i Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is pale pink, it has a thickness of 2 to 5 cm. The heartwood is copper rose, it is not clearly demarcated. The silver figure is fine (barely visible).

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

Straight or sometimes interlocked. Usually interlocked grain is absent or very slight, without any effect on further processing operations.

Texture

The texture is mostly medium to coarse.

Luster

The wood is described as low in luster.

Natural Durability

Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heart

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

3

Internal Growth Stresses

No growth stresses are reported in this species.

Silica Content

Silica Content: Silica content is negligible. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01

Resistance To Impregnation

Moderately easy to treat with a partial penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.58

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.64

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

9.5

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

5.0

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

FR-4

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.9

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1005

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

158723

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

605

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

80

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

78

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

501

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

603

Workability

Sawing

It is easy to saw.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Suitable for peeling if treated.

Sliced Veneer

Suitable for peeling if treated.

Blunting Effect

Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.

Machining

Machining of this species is reportedly easy.

Planing

Easy; no particular problems.

Moulding

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Turning

30

Boring

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Mortising

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Nailing

No particular problem.

Gluing

Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Needs pre-coating.

Response To Hand Tools

No particular problems.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, cores, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, door core, coffin, moldings

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
  • 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
  • 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
Shutter Boards
  • 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
  • 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
  • 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Cores
  • 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
  • 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
  • 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
  • 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Lasts
  • 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
Packing
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Heavy Packing
  • 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Pallets
  • 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Door Cores
  • 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Coffin
  • 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molding
  • 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão

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