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ELO (Xylopia quintasii)

Trade Name

Elo

Scientific Name

Xylopia quintasii Engl. et Diels

Family

ANNONACEAE

Common Names

M'voma (Gabon); M'ban (Gabon); Kendjou (Gabon); Omvomba (Cameroon); Mvomba (Cameroon); Mvengba (Cameroon); Waba; Udaofia; Palufon; Ovunien; Opalifon; Oba; Mvomba; Kpaini; Kaba; Gbay-dee; Gbay; Gbanyi; Brala; Bolonge; Asimma; Asimba; Aghako; Elo

Scientific Name Synonyms

Xylopia striata Engl.; Xylopia lane-poolei Sprague & Hutch.; Polyalthia mayumbensis Exell

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 30 m. The bole is clean and straight, generally fluted at the base with short buttresses. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.

Natural Habitat

Xylopia quintasii occurs in evergreen and deciduous forests and in coastal thickets.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Non-crystals in axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Axial parenchyma bands over 4 per mm. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is paler than the heartwood. The heartwood is yellow or brown, it is clearly demarcated.

Grain

Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.

Texture

This wood has a somewhat fine texture.

Luster

The wood luster is reported to be rather low.

Natural Durability

Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

6

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.74

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.84

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

9.4

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

6.0

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1441

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

188477

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

749

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

106

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

109

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

883

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

947

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Not suitable for veneering.

Sliced Veneer

Not suitable for veneering.

Machining

It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.

Planing

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Moulding

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Turning

30

Boring

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Mortising

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Nailing

Pre-boring is necessary.

Gluing

Difficult to glue because of high density.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Can be polished without surface preparation.

Response To Hand Tools

Working with hand tools is difficult.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

EXTERIOR GENERAL, poles, stakes posts, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, parquet, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, scale model

Exterior General
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Poles
  • 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
  • 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Crossties
  • 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Parquet
  • 15 - Empire Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
  • 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
  • 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
  • 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Truck Body
  • 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
  • 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
  • 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Scale Models
  • 83 - Algunas caracteristicas fisicomecanicas de la madera de tres especies de la cordillera NeoVolcanica

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