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JATOBA (Hymenaea parvifolia)

Trade Name

Jatoba

Scientific Name

Hymenaea parvifolia Huber

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Azucar Huayo (Peru); Jatobá Amarelo (Brazil); Jutaí-Grande (Brazil); Jutaí (Brazil); Jatobá (Brazil)

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The commercial lengths are reported to average 12 m, with an average diameter of 75 cm. The logs are reported to be straight and cylindrical.

Natural Habitat

Hymenaea parvifolia prefers well drained soils in dry forests, up to 400 m of altitude. It less frequently found in humid forests. In Brazil it is reported to be common on high and medium fertile soils in the formations known as cerrados.

Natural Distribution

It is found in the uplands of the Amazon basin.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. I Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or i Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

Odor or taste are absent.

Color

The heartwood and sapwood are distinct. The heartwood is reddish-brown and the sapwood very pale brown with darker lines.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

4

Grain

The grain is usually irregular.

Texture

The wood is typically medium in texture.

Luster

The wood is described as moderate in luster.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

3

Resistance To Impregnation

This species is reported to be impermeable.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.90

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

1.05

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

9.7

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.7

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

BR-A

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

2.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1732

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

173000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

966

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

192

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

236

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

1671

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

1720

Workability

Rotary Veneer Cutting

It is interesting for slicing, thermal pretreatments are recommended.

Sliced Veneer

It is interesting for slicing, thermal pretreatments are recommended.

Planing

Planing is reported to be fair, with risks of torn grain.

Turning

30

Boring

Boring operations are reported to be fair, good surface finishing.

Nailing

It has a good holding of nails, but pre-boring is necessary.

Gluing

It has a good behavior in gluing.

Sanding

Sanding is fair, but with good finishing, risk of fuzzy surfaces

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, panelling, TURNING, cutlery, TOOLS, tool handles, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Knife Handles
  • 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
  • 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
  • 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)

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