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JONGKONG (Dactylocladus stenostachys)
Trade Name
Jongkong
Scientific Name
Dactylocladus stenostachys Oliver
Family
Melastomataceae
Common Names
Merebong; Medang jongkong; Jinjang; Jongkong (Sabah); Medang-tabak (Malaysia); Jongkong (United Kingdom); Jongkong (United States of America); Jongkong (France); Jongkong (Spain); Sampinur (Indonesia); Mentibu (Indonesia); Merubong (Sarawak); Jongkong (Sarawak); Medang (Sabah); Jongkong (Netherlands); Jongkong (Italy); Tabak (Brunei Darussalam); Jongkong (Germany); Merubong (United Kingdom); Merubong (United States of America); Merubong (France); Merubong (Netherlands); Merubong (Germany); Medang miang (Malaysia); Merubong (Spain); Medang tabak (Brunei Darussalam)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a large tree to 40 m tall, 150 cm diameter. The trunk base of big trees develops masses of small adventitious roots.
Natural Habitat
This species is one of the most abundant large canopy trees of the peat swamp forests in Sarawak and Brunei.
Natural Distribution
Dacltylocladus is described as a monotypic genus endemic to Borneo. In Sarawak-Sabah it is found in peat swamp forests.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Vessel-ray Occasionally apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Axial parenchyma aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Occasionally body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It has no taste or odor.
Color
The sapwood is yellow-brown. The heartwood varies from light brown when fresh cut, on exposure to light darkening to pink brown or reddish brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It is mostly straight, slightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture is from fine to medium with dark deposits in vessels.
Luster
Luster is moderate to high.
Natural Durability
It is perishable, it is prone to blue stain, rapid insect infestation is also reported.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Silica Content
Silica Content: Wood is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
This timber can be impregnated without difficulty.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.54
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.59
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.4
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Ranggu is difficult to season. Drying Defects: Risk of splitting and cupping is reported. Warp is also reported. Kiln Schedules: Air drying prior to kiln drying is recommended.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-23; UK-K; US-44-34
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.0
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
821
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
114118
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
450
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
94
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
320
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species is reportedly easy.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
It is suitable for peeling and slicing, and unsuitable for face veneers because of phloem flecks.
Sliced Veneer
It is suitable for peeling and slicing, and unsuitable for face veneers because of phloem flecks.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Nailing
Nailing is difficult but screwing properties are good.
Gluing
Gluing of this species is easy.
Finishing
Finishing of this wood is easy.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, PACKING, CONTAINERS, cooperage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, shingle
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Shutter Boards
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Containers
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Cooperage
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
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