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JONGKONG (Dactylocladus stenostachys)

Trade Name

Jongkong

Scientific Name

Dactylocladus stenostachys Oliver

Family

Melastomataceae

Common Names

Merebong; Medang jongkong; Jinjang; Jongkong (Sabah); Medang-tabak (Malaysia); Jongkong (United Kingdom); Jongkong (United States of America); Jongkong (France); Jongkong (Spain); Sampinur (Indonesia); Mentibu (Indonesia); Merubong (Sarawak); Jongkong (Sarawak); Medang (Sabah); Jongkong (Netherlands); Jongkong (Italy); Tabak (Brunei Darussalam); Jongkong (Germany); Merubong (United Kingdom); Merubong (United States of America); Merubong (France); Merubong (Netherlands); Merubong (Germany); Medang miang (Malaysia); Merubong (Spain); Medang tabak (Brunei Darussalam)

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a large tree to 40 m tall, 150 cm diameter. The trunk base of big trees develops masses of small adventitious roots.

Natural Habitat

This species is one of the most abundant large canopy trees of the peat swamp forests in Sarawak and Brunei.

Natural Distribution

Dacltylocladus is described as a monotypic genus endemic to Borneo. In Sarawak-Sabah it is found in peat swamp forests.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Vessel-ray Occasionally apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Axial parenchyma aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Occasionally body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

It has no taste or odor.

Color

The sapwood is yellow-brown. The heartwood varies from light brown when fresh cut, on exposure to light darkening to pink brown or reddish brown.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

4

Grain

It is mostly straight, slightly interlocked.

Texture

The texture is from fine to medium with dark deposits in vessels.

Luster

Luster is moderate to high.

Natural Durability

It is perishable, it is prone to blue stain, rapid insect infestation is also reported.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

5

Silica Content

Silica Content: Wood is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0

Resistance To Impregnation

This timber can be impregnated without difficulty.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.54

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.59

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

7.4

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.8

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Ranggu is difficult to season. Drying Defects: Risk of splitting and cupping is reported. Warp is also reported. Kiln Schedules: Air drying prior to kiln drying is recommended.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

JP-23; UK-K; US-44-34

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

2.0

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

821

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

114118

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

450

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

94

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

320

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species is reportedly easy.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

It is suitable for peeling and slicing, and unsuitable for face veneers because of phloem flecks.

Sliced Veneer

It is suitable for peeling and slicing, and unsuitable for face veneers because of phloem flecks.

Machining

It is easy to machine.

Nailing

Nailing is difficult but screwing properties are good.

Gluing

Gluing of this species is easy.

Finishing

Finishing of this wood is easy.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, PACKING, CONTAINERS, cooperage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, shingle

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Shutter Boards
  • 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
  • 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Packing
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Containers
  • 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Cooperage
  • 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
  • 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Shingles
  • 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest

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