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KIASOSE (Pentadesma butyracea)
Trade Name
Kiasose
Scientific Name
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine
Family
CLUSIACEAE
Common Names
Lami (Guinea); Ouotélimo (Côte d`Ivoire); Kiasose (Zaire); Kiansonso (Zaire); N'kandika (Congo); Wotera; Weh-ti; Waye-kpay; Waye; Udia ebiong; Udegbi; Tiakukebia; Tallow tree; Sunkyi; Suen; Suankyi; Solei; Sokai; Soinankaw; Soe-kone; Seowu; Pissaleboko; Pija; Peigya; Pegya; Pagya; Oze; Otelimo; Ossol; Ossel; Ossa; Orugbo erin; Orogbo; Oro; Okarora; Njolei; Mukomo; Mdayen; Mbeke-wa; Lorokiere; Lon; Lami; Krinda; Komdi; Koma mufike; Koma; Kisidwe; Kiasoso; Kiasose; Kandika; Kampampipampi; Ka-yoth; Izeni eze; Izeni; Iroro; Ijeni udegbu; Igbofia; Esoedokuno; Ekuso; Ehurike; Ehukei; Ebot; Chewstick; Candle tree; Candle butter tree; Butter tree; Bromabine; Bromabina; Black mango tree; Asuaindokun; Akanti; Agyiapa; Aghe; Agba; Abotoasebie
Scientific Name Synonyms
Pentadesma nigritiana Bak. f.; Pentadesma leucantha A. Chev.; Pentadesma grandifolia Bak. f.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 20 to 32 m. The bole is cylindrical, usually unbuttressed, straight, up to 13 to 20 m in length. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.
Natural Habitat
Pentadesma butyracea is common in areas of high rainfall, in swampy areas, even relatively near the sea.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses thin walled. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits sim Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands under 4 per mm. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally crystal sand in ray cells. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chambered cells). Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays an Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is pale pink, it has a thickness of up to 15 cm. The heartwood is brown or yellow, it is clearly demarcated.
Grain
Straight or interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations. Interlocked grain is high but not frequent.
Texture
This wood has a somewhat medium texture.
Luster
Luster is reported to be low.
Natural Durability
Durable to decay; this species can be utilized without preservative treatment for exterior joinery or similar uses. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Internal Growth Stresses
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Resistance To Impregnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.74
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.84
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1117
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
759
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
108
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
883
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
947
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Not suitable for veneering.
Sliced Veneer
Not suitable for veneering.
Machining
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Turning
30
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Sanding
Difficult to obtain very good results because of interlocked grain.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, poles, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, parquet, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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