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KIRUNG (Nyssa javanica)

Trade Name

Kirung

Scientific Name

Nyssa javanica (Blume) Wangerin

Family

NYSSACEAE

Common Names

Chilauni (India); Thang khok (Thailand); Khueng khak (Thailand); Kalay (India); Kirung; Hirung (Indonesia); Wuru gading (Indonesia); Terang bulu (Malaysia); Theun (Laos); Khai pla (Thailand); Mueat khon khao (Thailand); Khang khok (Thailand); Kapi dengkung (Indonesia); Terang bulu (Sarawak)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Nyssa sessiliflora Hook. f. & Thomson; Nyssa bifida Craib; Nyssa arborea Koord.; Ilex daphniphylloides Kurz; Daphniphyllopsis capitata Kurz; Ceratostachys arborea Blume; Agathisanthes javanica Blume

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a tree to 50 m tall, 90 cm in diameter, sometimes with very low buttresses.

Natural Habitat

It is reported on slopes and ridge tops in primary submontane forests, at 600 to 1,500 m of altitude.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Intervessel pits scalariform. Helical thickenings in vessel elements present. Multiple perforation Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 5 to 8 cells per parenchym Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent wit Septate fibers present. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The heartwood d is pale yellow-brown to pale gray-brown, not clearly differentiated from the sapwood.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

The grain is straight to slightly interlocked.

Texture

The texture is moderately fine and even.

Luster

The wood is sometimes lustrous.

Natural Durability

It is non-durable to slightly durable under exposed conditions, it is somewhat liable to stain.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

5

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.65

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.72

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be satisfactory.

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

723

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

115249

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

511

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

76

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species is reported to be rather easy.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

This species can be used for lamination.

Sliced Veneer

This species can be used for lamination.

Machining

This species is easy to machine.

Finishing

It can be finished to a smooth surface.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Packing
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas

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