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MACHANG (Mangifera foetida)
Trade Name
Machang
Scientific Name
Mangifera foetida Lour.
Family
ANACARDIACEAE
Common Names
Lamot (Myanmar); Bacang (Sabah); Machang (Malaysia); Limus (Indonesia); Bacang (Indonesia); Svaay saa (Cambodia); Machang (Thailand); Ailai (Solomon Islands); Asai (Solomon Islands); Pahutan (Philippines); Asam (Indonesia); Ma-muang-pa (Thailand); Thayet (Myanmar); Mangga (India); Asam (Sabah)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Mangifera horsfieldii Miq.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 40 m tall, with straight bole up to 100 cm in diameter. The buttresses are absent.
Natural Habitat
Mangifera foetida occurs in wet evergreen lowland forests up to 1,000 m of altitude.
Plantations Available?
It is cultivated more for its fruits.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood varies from pale reddish to gray-yellowish, not clearly demarcated. The heartwood is light pink-brown, occasionally with a distinct chocolate brown striped core.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
It is mostly straight, rarely interlocked.
Texture
Texture is usually fine to medium.
Luster
Sometimes the heartwood has silvery luster.
Natural Durability
It is non-durable when exposed to the weather or in contact with the ground.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Internal Growth Stresses
Significant growth stresses are reported for this species.
Resistance To Impregnation
The timber is reported to respond very well to preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.62
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.68
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.9
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is slow, it is reported to be difficult. The air drying of 12 mm thick boards takes about 4 months. Drying Defects: It is prone to end splitting. There may be slight cupping, bowing or springing, and moderate checking occurring. Kiln Schedules: Schedule suggested for Balau.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-F
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
917
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
145717
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
489
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
61
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
132
Workability
Sawing
The wood saws well, but excessive tension wood may cause jamming and extreme wooliness in some logs.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination, but Machang veneer has a tendency to curl and wrinkle during drying.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination, but Machang veneer has a tendency to curl and wrinkle during drying.
Machining
The response of this species to machining operations is good to fair. It gives rough surfaces in the radial face.
Planing
Planing operations are rather easy, but often rough radial surfaces are reported.
Moulding
Molding is reported to be easy.
Boring
Boring operations are rated as fair to difficult.
Mortising
It is easy to mortise.
Nailing
Nailing is reported as easy.
Gluing
Gluing behavior is reportedly good.
Finishing
Filling is required.
Polishing
Filling is required.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, PACKING, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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